Sessions V A, Salter A M
Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Mar 3;1211(2):207-14. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(94)90270-4.
(i) We have studied the effect of dietary cholesterol and fat on lipoprotein concentrations in the male Golden Syrian hamster. (ii) On a low fat diet, dietary cholesterol increased the cholesterol concentration in all the major serum lipoprotein fractions. It also increased the storage of cholesterol ester in the liver. (iii) In the absence of added dietary cholesterol, additional dietary fat had little influence on serum or hepatic cholesterol concentrations, and this is irrespective of the nature of the dietary fat. (iv) In the presence of 0.12% (w/w) cholesterol, lard (rich in saturated fatty acids) increased serum VLDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations. By contrast, olive oil (rich in oleic acid) had no effect on VLDL lipid concentrations and sunflower oil, rich linoleic acid, reduced them. (v) Lard also increased serum LDL cholesterol concentrations in cholesterol-fed animals. Olive oil reduced LDL cholesterol concentrations and sunflower oil had no effect. (vi) In cholesterol-fed animals, lard had no effect on the hepatic cholesterol ester concentration, while both olive and sunflower oil increased it. This increase was significantly higher in olive oil-fed hamsters compared to those fed sunflower oil. (vii) Thus, in this species, the primary effects of dietary fat on lipoprotein metabolism appear to represent a modulation of the effects of dietary cholesterol. In cholesterol-fed hamsters we confirm the hypercholesterolaemic effects of saturated fatty acids and highlight important differences in the effects of mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids on lipoprotein metabolism.
（i）我们研究了膳食胆固醇和脂肪对雄性金黄叙利亚仓鼠脂蛋白浓度的影响。（ii）在低脂饮食中，膳食胆固醇会增加所有主要血清脂蛋白组分中的胆固醇浓度。它还会增加肝脏中胆固醇酯的储存。（iii）在不添加膳食胆固醇的情况下，额外的膳食脂肪对血清或肝脏胆固醇浓度影响很小，且这与膳食脂肪的性质无关。（iv）在含有0.12%（w/w）胆固醇的情况下，猪油（富含饱和脂肪酸）会增加血清极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）胆固醇和三酰甘油浓度。相比之下，橄榄油（富含油酸）对VLDL脂质浓度没有影响，而富含亚油酸的葵花籽油则会降低它们。（v）猪油还会增加喂食胆固醇的动物的血清低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇浓度。橄榄油会降低LDL胆固醇浓度，而葵花籽油则没有影响。（vi）在喂食胆固醇的动物中，猪油对肝脏胆固醇酯浓度没有影响，而橄榄油和葵花籽油都会增加它。与喂食葵花籽油的仓鼠相比，喂食橄榄油的仓鼠的这种增加显著更高。（vii）因此，在这个物种中，膳食脂肪对脂蛋白代谢的主要影响似乎是对膳食胆固醇影响的一种调节。在喂食胆固醇的仓鼠中，我们证实了饱和脂肪酸的高胆固醇血症作用，并突出了单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸对脂蛋白代谢影响的重要差异。
