Zeilmann M
I. Medizinischen Tierklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Tierarztl Prax. 1993 Dec;21(6):524-7.
A literature review of the clinical syndrome HYPP (Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis) affecting Quarter Horses is given. HYPP is characterized by sporadic attacks of muscle tremors, weakness and/or collapse, lasting for variable periods of time. Diagnosis is based on physical findings in association with hyperkalemia. In horses with HYPP, the regulation of ion transport through the sodium channels in the muscle cells occasionally fails, causing uncontrollable muscle twitching. Further investigations into molecular genetics reveals a mutation in the gene responsible for sodium and potassium regulation. The identification of this gene mutation is the basis for the blood test used to diagnose HYPP. HYPP is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Treatment of HYPP attacks by intravenous application of calcium gluconate, bicarbonate and glucose results in rapid recovery. Consequent dietary management and daily administration of acetazolamide effectively controls the disease.
本文对影响夸特马的临床综合征HYPP（高钾性周期性麻痹）进行了文献综述。HYPP的特征是肌肉震颤、无力和/或虚脱的散发性发作，持续时间长短不一。诊断基于与高钾血症相关的体格检查结果。患有HYPP的马匹中，通过肌肉细胞钠通道的离子转运调节偶尔会失效，导致无法控制的肌肉抽搐。对分子遗传学的进一步研究揭示了负责钠和钾调节的基因发生了突变。这种基因突变的鉴定是用于诊断HYPP的血液检测的基础。HYPP作为常染色体显性性状遗传。通过静脉注射葡萄糖酸钙、碳酸氢盐和葡萄糖来治疗HYPP发作可使马匹迅速恢复。随后的饮食管理和每日给予乙酰唑胺可有效控制该病。
