Beskow P, Robertsson J A, Söderlind O
Swedish Animal Health Service, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1993 Oct;40(8):549-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1993.tb00176.x.
The present investigation comprised 5 specialized herds of slaughter pigs, each with a production of 1,500 to 4,000 fatteners per year. High prevalence of pleuritis was demonstrated in all herds at slaughter. Serological investigations by means of ELISA were carried out to determine antibody titres to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A. pl.) serotype 2 during the fattening period and at slaughter. The investigations showed that this agent was a predominant cause of the subclinical pleuritis although A. pl. was difficult to isolate. An environment study was performed in all herds and major environmental deficiencies were corrected during the course of the investigation. Similarly, all herds changed to a strict routine of batch rearing. In 4 herds out of 5, the animals were vaccinated on arrival to the growing-finishing units and again generally 3-4 weeks later with an inactivated vaccine against A. pl. serotype 2. The prevalence of pleuritis decreased with 25-75% during the three-year observation period. Also the prevalence of pneumonia decreased at the same time. Conversely, daily weight gain and feed conversion improved. The prevalence of pleuritis and pneumonia registered at slaughter was lower in three-breed crosses (including Hampshire, Landrace and Yorkshire) than in the two-breed crosses with Landrace and Yorkshire.
本次调查包括5个专门的屠宰猪群，每个猪群每年育肥出栏1500至4000头猪。在所有屠宰猪群中均发现胸膜炎的高发病率。在育肥期和屠宰时，通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行血清学调查，以确定针对胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（A. pl.）2型血清型的抗体滴度。调查表明，尽管A. pl. 难以分离，但该病原体是亚临床胸膜炎的主要病因。对所有猪群进行了环境研究，并在调查过程中纠正了主要的环境缺陷。同样，所有猪群都改为严格的批次饲养常规。在5个猪群中的4个，猪只到达生长育肥单元时进行了疫苗接种，一般在3至4周后再次接种针对A. pl. 2型血清型的灭活疫苗。在三年观察期内，胸膜炎的发病率下降了25%至75%。同时，肺炎的发病率也下降了。相反，日增重和饲料转化率有所提高。在三元杂交猪（包括汉普夏猪、长白猪和约克夏猪）中，屠宰时记录的胸膜炎和肺炎发病率低于长白猪和约克夏猪的二元杂交猪。
