牙科技术人员的非纤维性粉尘负荷与吸烟情况：一项采用支气管肺泡灌洗术的研究
Non-fibrous dust load and smoking in dental technicians: a study using bronchoalveolar lavage.
作者信息
Bernstein M, Pairon J C, Morabia A, Gaudichet A, Janson X, Brochard P
机构信息
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 1994 Jan;51(1):23-7. doi: 10.1136/oem.51.1.23.
A study was conducted with transmission electron microscopy to find whether bronchoalveolar lavage could be used to identify subjects with occupational exposure to mineral particles. Non-fibrous mineral particles in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from 46 dental technicians and 41 white collar controls with lung diseases but free from occupational exposure to dusts were analysed. The total particle concentration in BAL fluid was significantly higher in dental technicians than in controls (12.18 x 10(5) particles/ml of BAL fluid, v 2.03 x 10(5) particles/ml, p < 0.001). Dental technicians had significantly more crystalline silica, aluminium, and alloys containing nickel and chromium. There was a non-significant twofold increase of total particle concentration in the lungs of dental technicians who were smokers compared with non-smokers. The results strongly support the use of BAL fluid analysis to assess dust accumulation in workers in heavily exposed occupations such as dental technicians. This is a valid method to evaluate occupational exposure to non-fibrous mineral particles, and may be useful to determine the occupational aetiology of some respiratory diseases.
进行了一项透射电子显微镜研究，以确定支气管肺泡灌洗是否可用于识别职业性接触矿物颗粒的受试者。分析了46名牙科技术员和41名患有肺部疾病但无职业性粉尘接触的白领对照者的支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液中的非纤维性矿物颗粒。牙科技术员的BAL液中总颗粒浓度显著高于对照组（12.18×10⁵颗粒/毫升BAL液，而对照组为2.03×10⁵颗粒/毫升，p<0.001）。牙科技术员的结晶二氧化硅、铝以及含镍和铬的合金显著更多。与不吸烟者相比，吸烟的牙科技术员肺部的总颗粒浓度有两倍的非显著性增加。结果有力地支持了使用BAL液分析来评估牙科技术员等高度暴露职业的工人中的粉尘积累情况。这是评估职业性接触非纤维性矿物颗粒的有效方法，可能有助于确定某些呼吸道疾病的职业病因。
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