MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1994 Apr 1;43(12):223-6.
Since 1990, the Ministry of Health in Egypt has directed efforts toward achieving poliomyelitis eradication by the end of 1994. To achieve this goal, the Egyptian Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) has progressively implemented each of four World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended strategies: 1) increasing and sustaining routine coverage with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV); 2) conducting National Immunization Days (NIDs); 3) developing surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), including laboratory confirmation of cases; and 4) instituting "mopping-up" vaccination (i.e., house-to-house administration of two doses of OPV at an interval of 4-6 weeks to all children aged < 3 years who reside in areas where risk for wild poliovirus transmission is highest). This report summarizes the poliomyelitis eradication effort in Egypt based on a program review conducted during November 20-30, 1993, by the Egyptian Ministry of Health; Cairo University; the High Institute for Public Health in Alexandria, Egypt; WHO; Rotary International; and CDC.
自1990年以来，埃及卫生部一直致力于在1994年底前实现根除脊髓灰质炎的目标。为实现这一目标，埃及扩大免疫规划（EPI）逐步实施了世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的四项策略中的每一项：1）提高并维持口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）的常规接种覆盖率；2）开展全国免疫日（NIDs）活动；3）建立急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）监测系统，包括对病例进行实验室确诊；4）开展“扫荡式”疫苗接种（即对居住在野生脊髓灰质炎病毒传播风险最高地区的所有<3岁儿童，每隔4 - 6周逐户接种两剂OPV）。本报告基于1993年11月20日至30日埃及卫生部、开罗大学、埃及亚历山大公共卫生高等学院、WHO、国际扶轮社和美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）进行的项目审查，总结了埃及根除脊髓灰质炎的工作情况。
