Zachariasen R D
University of Texas, Health Science Center, Houston.
Compendium. 1993 Dec;14(12):1584, 1586-91; quiz 1592.
Menopause is a normal developmental stage in a woman's life, marking the permanent cessation of menstruation. It is the result of irreversible changes in the hormonal and reproductive functions of the ovaries. Menopause is accompanied by a number of characteristic physical changes; some of which occur in the oral cavity. The two most common oral manifestations of menopause are: oral discomfort, including pain, a burning sensation, dryness, and altered taste perception; and alveolar bone loss as a result of osteoporosis. Although menopause has been recognized for centuries, it has only been recently that the study of menopause has gained much attention. The purpose of this article is to review the basic physiology of menopause, and to present the etiology of the oral manifestations associated with menopause.
更年期是女性生命中的一个正常发育阶段，标志着月经永久性停止。它是卵巢激素和生殖功能发生不可逆变化的结果。更年期伴随着一些特征性的身体变化；其中一些发生在口腔。更年期最常见的两种口腔表现是：口腔不适，包括疼痛、烧灼感、干燥和味觉改变；以及骨质疏松导致的牙槽骨丧失。尽管更年期已被认识了几个世纪，但直到最近对更年期的研究才受到广泛关注。本文的目的是回顾更年期的基本生理学，并阐述与更年期相关的口腔表现的病因。
