Stewart M J, Jyothinagaram S, McGinley I M, Padfield P L
Department of Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
J Hum Hypertens. 1994 Jan;8(1):19-22.
Cigarette smoking and hypertension are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, but the relationship between them is complex. Smoking raises BP acutely, yet in epidemiological studies smokers have lower clinic BP than nonsmokers. To explore this apparent paradox we have compared 24h ambulatory BP profiles and BP variability of smokers, before and after a week's abstention from smoking, and nonsmoking controls. There was no evidence of a significant acute pressor effect from smoking. All three groups had similar ABP profiles but smokers had significantly more variable BP than nonsmokers and variability increased still further after a week's abstention. An increase in BP variability, possibly related to changes in baroreflex sensitivity, is a further mechanism by which smoking may increase cardiovascular risk.
吸烟和高血压是心血管疾病的独立危险因素，但它们之间的关系很复杂。吸烟会使血压急剧升高，然而在流行病学研究中，吸烟者的诊室血压却低于不吸烟者。为了探究这一明显的矛盾，我们比较了吸烟者在戒烟一周前后的24小时动态血压曲线和血压变异性，以及不吸烟对照组。没有证据表明吸烟会产生显著的急性升压效应。三组的动态血压曲线相似，但吸烟者的血压变异性明显高于不吸烟者，且在戒烟一周后变异性进一步增加。血压变异性增加可能与压力反射敏感性的变化有关，这是吸烟可能增加心血管风险的另一种机制。
