Sarti E, Schantz P M, Plancarte A, Wilson M, Gutierrez O I, Aguilera J, Roberts J, Flisser A
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Jan-Feb;88(1):49-52. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90493-6.
We performed a survey for taeniasis and cysticercosis among persons living in a Mexican village where Taenia solium infection in pigs was known to be enzootic. A standardized questionnaire was administered in all 577 households to obtain medical histories and information on demographic and environmental factors and on risk factors associated with transmission of infection. Serum and/or stool specimens were obtained from 1005 volunteers and examined for cysticercosis antibodies and intestinal parasites. Faecal examination of 828 participants revealed infection by Taenia sp. in 2 (0.2%). Three additional cases of taeniasis were detected in individuals who evacuated proglottids after treatment with praziquantel. Of 1005 human serum specimens, 49 (4.9%) were positive in the cysticercosis immunoblot assay. Seropositivity increased with age and reached a peak in subjects aged 46-55 years (P < 0.05). A history of seizures was significantly associated with seropositivity (P < 0.05); approximately 25% of persons with such histories were seropositive. Histories of headache, dizziness, trembling, blurred vision, and vomiting were also significantly associated with positive immunoblot assays. This study has demonstrated previously undiagnosed morbidity associated with T. solium neurocysticercosis and identified community behavioural and environmental practices that must be modified to prevent continued transmission of cysticercosis and taeniasis.
我们对生活在墨西哥一个村庄的人群进行了一项关于猪带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病的调查，该村庄已知猪感染猪带绦虫呈地方流行性。我们向所有577户家庭发放了一份标准化问卷，以获取病史以及有关人口统计学、环境因素和与感染传播相关的危险因素的信息。我们从1005名志愿者那里采集了血清和/或粪便样本，并检测了囊尾蚴病抗体和肠道寄生虫。对828名参与者的粪便检查发现有2人（0.2%）感染了带绦虫属。在用吡喹酮治疗后排出节片的个体中又检测到另外3例猪带绦虫病病例。在1005份人体血清样本中，有49份（4.9%）在囊尾蚴病免疫印迹试验中呈阳性。血清阳性率随年龄增长而升高，在46 - 55岁的受试者中达到峰值（P < 0.05）。癫痫发作史与血清阳性显著相关（P < 0.05）；有此类病史的人中约25%血清呈阳性。头痛、头晕、颤抖、视力模糊和呕吐史也与免疫印迹试验阳性显著相关。这项研究证明了以前未被诊断出的与猪带绦虫神经囊尾蚴病相关的发病率，并确定了必须加以改变的社区行为和环境习惯，以防止囊尾蚴病和猪带绦虫病的持续传播。
