Okello Anna L, Thomas Lian Francesca
Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Independent Consultant, Lusaka, Zambia.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2017 Jun 1;10:107-116. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S116545. eCollection 2017.
Human taeniasis is a zoonotic condition resulting from infection with the adult stages of ("beef tapeworm"), ("pork tapeworm") or ("Asian tapeworm"). Although these parasites have a worldwide distribution, the overwhelming burden is felt by communities in low- and middle-income countries. This is particularly true for , whereby infection of the central nervous system with the larval stage of the parasite (neurocysticercosis) is a major cause of acquired epilepsy in low-resource settings. With a focus on endemic countries, this review provides an insight into the prevention and management of human taeniasis, concluding with some recent case studies describing their implementation. Discussion of the opportunities and challenges regarding current fecal and serological diagnostic assays for detecting spp. highlights the importance of accurate and accessible diagnostic options for the field situation. The lack of long-term impact on the parasites' lifecycle from human anthelmintic treatment, coupled with the propensity for adverse reactions, highlights the importance of a "two-pronged" approach that considers the relevant animal hosts, particularly in the case of Aside from the therapeutic options, this review reiterates the importance of adequate assessment and consideration of the associated behavioral and policy aspects around sanitation, hygiene and meat inspection that have been shown to support parasite control, and potential elimination, in endemic regions.
人体绦虫病是一种人畜共患病，由感染牛带绦虫、猪带绦虫或亚洲带绦虫的成虫引起。尽管这些寄生虫在全球范围内均有分布，但低收入和中等收入国家的社区所承受的负担最为沉重。对于猪带绦虫而言尤其如此，其幼虫阶段（神经囊尾蚴病）感染中枢神经系统是资源匮乏地区后天性癫痫的主要病因。本综述聚焦于流行国家，深入探讨人体绦虫病的预防与管理，并以一些描述其实施情况的近期案例研究作为结尾。对当前用于检测带绦虫属的粪便和血清学诊断检测方法所面临的机遇与挑战的讨论，凸显了针对现场情况提供准确且可及的诊断选项的重要性。人体驱虫治疗对寄生虫生命周期缺乏长期影响，再加上不良反应的倾向，凸显了采取“双管齐下”方法的重要性，该方法要考虑相关动物宿主，尤其是在猪带绦虫的情况下。除了治疗选择外，本综述重申了充分评估和考虑围绕环境卫生、个人卫生和肉类检查的相关行为及政策方面的重要性，这些方面已被证明有助于流行地区的寄生虫控制及潜在消除。
