Schein O D, Enger C, Tielsch J M
Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1994 Apr 15;117(4):501-6. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70011-x.
There is little available information on the context of air-gun inflicted ocular injuries. To address this need, we performed a systematic telephone survey of victims of severe air-gun ocular injuries, collected between January 1986 and August 1992, through the auspices of the National Eye Trauma System and the Alabama Eye Injury Registry. One hundred forty interviews were completed with injury victims or their parents. Pump-action rifles with BB ammunition were the most common weapons. Victims and shooters were predominantly male (91% and 89%, respectively) and their mean age was 13 years. Of the injuries, 95% were inflicted by individuals known to the victim; 40% of these were relatives. People were the intended targets in 45% of the injuries. Ricochets accounted for 26% of the injuries. Of those victims with penetrating injuries, 84% had visual acuity less than 20/200 despite numerous surgical attempts. Adults were present at the scene of the injury in only 11% of the incidents, implying that unrestricted access to these weapons by children is likely the principal risk factor for injury.
关于气枪造成的眼部损伤情况，现有信息很少。为满足这一需求，我们通过国家眼外伤系统和阿拉巴马眼损伤登记处的支持，对1986年1月至1992年8月期间收集的严重气枪眼部损伤受害者进行了系统的电话调查。我们完成了对140名受伤受害者或其父母的访谈。使用BB弹的唧筒式步枪是最常见的武器。受害者和射击者主要为男性（分别占91%和89%），平均年龄为13岁。在这些损伤中，95%是由受害者认识的人造成的；其中40%是亲属。在45%的损伤中，人是目标对象。跳弹造成的损伤占26%。在穿透性损伤的受害者中，尽管进行了多次手术尝试，但84%的人视力仍低于20/200。只有11%的事件中受伤现场有成年人在场，这意味着儿童不受限制地获取这些武器可能是受伤的主要风险因素。
