城市黑人青少年中与暴力行为使用相关的因素。
Factors associated with the use of violence among urban black adolescents.
作者信息
DuRant R H, Cadenhead C, Pendergrast R A, Slavens G, Linder C W
机构信息
Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1994 Apr;84(4):612-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.4.612.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine social and psychological factors associated with the use and nonuse of violence among Black adolescents living in a community with a high level of violent crime.
METHODS
Adolescents (n = 225, 44% male) 11 to 19 years of age living in or around nine housing projects in an urban area were administered an anonymous questionnaire.
RESULTS
Self-reported use of violence was associated with exposure to violence and personal victimization, hopelessness, depression, family conflict, previous corporal punishment, purpose in life, self-assessment of the probability of being alive at age 25, and age and was higher among males.
CONCLUSIONS
These data support the hypothesis that exposure to violence is associated with adolescents' self-reported use of violence. However, adolescents with a higher sense of purpose in life and less depression were better able to withstand the influence of exposure to violence in the home and in the community.
目的
本研究旨在调查生活在暴力犯罪高发社区的黑人青少年中，与暴力行为使用和未使用相关的社会及心理因素。
方法
对居住在市区九个住房项目及其周边、年龄在11至19岁的青少年（n = 225，44%为男性）进行匿名问卷调查。
结果
自我报告的暴力行为使用与暴力暴露、个人受害经历、绝望感、抑郁、家庭冲突、既往体罚、生活目标、对25岁时存活概率的自我评估以及年龄有关，且在男性中更为常见。
结论
这些数据支持了暴力暴露与青少年自我报告的暴力行为使用相关的假设。然而，生活目标感更强且抑郁程度较低的青少年，更能抵御家庭和社区中暴力暴露的影响。
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