Weir E C, Bhatt P N, Jacoby R O, Hilliard J K, Morgenstern S
Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8016.
Lab Anim Sci. 1993 Dec;43(6):541-4.
The epizootiologic properties of Herpesvirus simiae (B virus) were studied in singly housed macaques (Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis) in a biomedical vivarium to determine whether commonly encountered environments and procedures such as quarantine, breeding, Caesarean section, parturition, and social stress induced virus shedding and transmission. Macaques were tested serologically and for infectious virus. Oral, conjunctival, and vaginal swab samples were obtained repeatedly. Virus excretion was not detected during a 7-week quarantine of 32 newly acquired, singly housed animals tested every other week for 6 weeks, and none of 19 seronegative animals from this group seroconverted during 7 weeks in quarantine. No virus shedding was detected in 16 seropositive animals tested weekly for 3 weeks after Caesarean section or normal parturition or in 11 seropositive animals following introduction of new males to animals rooms. One animal seroconverted after repeated breeding of seropositive animals to seronegative partners. Fifty-three singly housed offspring remained seronegative for up to 10 years, even if born to seropositive dams, and only 1 of 86 singly housed animals less than 7 years old was seropositive. These results suggest that shedding of B virus from seropositive macaques is uncommon, when subjected to common laboratory procedures or environments, and that transmission is rare in singly housed animals. These results may be useful in establishing B virus-free colonies of macaques.
在一个生物医学饲养场中，对单独饲养的猕猴（恒河猴和食蟹猴）研究了猴疱疹病毒（B病毒）的流行病学特性，以确定常见的环境和操作（如检疫、繁殖、剖腹产、分娩和社会应激）是否会导致病毒脱落和传播。对猕猴进行了血清学检测和传染性病毒检测。反复采集口腔、结膜和阴道拭子样本。在对32只新购入的单独饲养动物进行为期7周的检疫期间，每隔一周检测6周，未检测到病毒排泄，该组19只血清阴性动物在检疫7周内均未发生血清转化。剖腹产或正常分娩后每周检测3周的16只血清阳性动物，或在将新雄性引入动物房后的11只血清阳性动物中，均未检测到病毒脱落。一只动物在血清阳性动物与血清阴性伴侣反复繁殖后发生了血清转化。53只单独饲养的后代即使出生于血清阳性的母猴，在长达10年的时间里仍保持血清阴性，86只7岁以下单独饲养的动物中只有1只血清呈阳性。这些结果表明，血清阳性猕猴在接受常规实验室操作或环境时，B病毒脱落并不常见，且在单独饲养的动物中传播很少见。这些结果可能有助于建立无B病毒的猕猴群体。
