McLeer S V, Callaghan M, Henry D, Wallen J
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical College of Pennsylvania/Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia 19129.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994 Mar-Apr;33(3):313-9. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199403000-00003.
This study was designed to compare the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a clinical sample of sexually abused children referred for outpatient evaluation. Two a priori hypotheses were tested: (1) the sexually abused group would have more post-traumatic stress disorder than the non-sexually abused group and (2) non-sexually abused children referred for evaluation would have more diagnoses than the sexually abused group.
Twenty-six sexually abused children and 23 non-sexually abused children referred for psychiatric outpatient evaluation at a medical school center were matched by age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status and compared to determine differences in prevalence of Axis I, DSM-III-R disorders. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Epidemiologic Version was used for systematic diagnosis.
Groups did not differ significantly in the number of diagnoses and, in both groups, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was the most frequent diagnosis. However, the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among sexually abused children was significantly greater (p < .02), with 42.3% of sexually abused children and 8.7% of non-sexually abused children meeting full criteria. There were no significant differences between groups in other diagnostic categories.
This study, using structured interviews and comparison groups, confirmed earlier findings suggesting that sexually abused children are at heightened risk for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder.
本研究旨在比较转介至门诊评估的受性虐待儿童临床样本中精神障碍的患病率。检验了两个先验假设：（1）受性虐待组的创伤后应激障碍患病率高于未受性虐待组；（2）转介进行评估的未受性虐待儿童的诊断数量多于受性虐待组。
在一所医学院中心转介至精神科门诊评估的26名受性虐待儿童和23名未受性虐待儿童，按照年龄、性别、种族和社会经济地位进行匹配，并进行比较，以确定轴I DSM-III-R障碍患病率的差异。使用儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症量表-流行病学版本进行系统诊断。
两组在诊断数量上无显著差异，且在两组中，注意力缺陷多动障碍是最常见的诊断。然而，受性虐待儿童中创伤后应激障碍的患病率显著更高（p <.02），42.3%的受性虐待儿童和8.7%的未受性虐待儿童符合全部标准。在其他诊断类别中，两组之间无显著差异。
本研究采用结构化访谈和对照组，证实了早期研究结果，表明受性虐待儿童患创伤后应激障碍的风险增加。
