Acute effects of smoking on digital artery blood flow in humans.

Smoking induces several immediate physiologic changes in the distal arteries of the human upper extremity. We examined the hemodynamic effects of cigarette smoking on blood flow in normal human digital arteries using 20 MHz pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter methods. In each of nine subjects, two presmoke measurements and six postsmoke measurements were collected over a 30-minute period. Maximum velocity and volumetric flow data were averaged. Although no statistical differences were present between presmoke and postsmoke variables, maximum velocity decreased 14% and volumetric flow decreased 60% in the first postsmoke measurement interval. These observations suggest that smoking produces increased vascular resistance in the fingers and an overall reduction in both volumetric blood flow through arteries and tissue perfusion.