Anderson D E, Badzioch M D
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1993 Nov;28(2):107-13. doi: 10.1007/BF00666423.
Lifetime probabilities of developing breast cancer were calculated for first-degree female relatives of three groups of breast cancer patients: 114 with bilateral cancer, 186 unselected, and 88 males. The patients were classified according to whether they had a family history of prostate, endometrial, or ovarian cancer, or no family history of these cancers. In families of unselected female and male patients with no family history of prostate, endometrial, or ovarian cancer, the lifetime probability of developing breast cancer was 11.4%. The risk increased slightly to 13.5% when these other cancers may or may not have present (i.e., they were ignored, which is the usual method in computing risks) and increased further to 25.5% when prostate, endometrial, or ovarian cancer was present in the family. In families of patients with bilateral cancer the respective risks were 10.9%, 17.3%, and 34.4%. A family history of prostate cancer increased lifetime risk consistently in each of the groups, to 29.0% in the unselected and male groups and to 38.2% in the bilateral group. Endometrial cancer increased risk only in the bilateral group (to 41.8%) as did ovarian cancer (to 54.6%). Increased risk of breast cancer with a family history of endometrial or ovarian cancer appeared to be influenced by families with hereditary breast-ovarian cancer or the cancer family syndrome. The results indicate that prostate cancer, and endometrial and ovarian cancers in some families, can significantly increase breast cancer risk and should be taken into account when counseling women about their breast cancer risk.
114例双侧乳腺癌患者、186例未经过挑选的患者以及88例男性患者。这些患者根据是否有前列腺癌、子宫内膜癌或卵巢癌家族史，或无这些癌症的家族史进行分类。在无前列腺癌、子宫内膜癌或卵巢癌家族史的未经过挑选的女性和男性患者家庭中，患乳腺癌的终生概率为11.4%。当存在或不存在其他癌症（即计算风险时通常忽略这些癌症）时，风险略有增加至13.5%，而当家族中存在前列腺癌、子宫内膜癌或卵巢癌时，风险进一步增加至25.5%。在双侧乳腺癌患者家庭中，相应的风险分别为10.9%、17.3%和34.4%。前列腺癌家族史在每组中均持续增加终生风险，在未经过挑选的患者组和男性患者组中增至29.0%，在双侧乳腺癌患者组中增至38.2%。子宫内膜癌仅在双侧乳腺癌患者组中增加风险（增至41.8%），卵巢癌也是如此（增至54.6%）。有子宫内膜癌或卵巢癌家族史的乳腺癌风险增加似乎受到遗传性乳腺癌-卵巢癌家族或癌症家族综合征的影响。结果表明，前列腺癌以及某些家族中的子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌可显著增加乳腺癌风险，在为女性提供乳腺癌风险咨询时应予以考虑。
