患有扩张型心肌病的火鸡的心肌脂质成分

Lax D, Holman R T, Johnson S B, Zhang S L, Li Y, Noren G R, Staley N A, Einzig S

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Cardiovasc Res. 1994 Mar;28(3):407-13. doi: 10.1093/cvr/28.3.407.

OBJECTIVE

The aim was to determine if reduced heart lipid peroxidation in turkeys with two forms of dilated cardiomyopathy, previously reported, was related to an alteration in the lipid composition of the ventricle.

METHODS

Myocardial lipid composition was measured in turkeys with two types of dilated cardiomyopathy. Twenty six turkeys with naturally occurring dilated cardiomyopathy, six with furazolidone induced dilated cardiomyopathy, and 18 age matched control birds were used at 1 day, 9-10 days, and 38-78 days of age. Left ventricular fatty acid composition of the phospholipid, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and cholesterol ester fractions was analysed using gas chromatography.

RESULTS

Significant age related changes were identified in the fatty acid composition of the heart. In the phospholipid fraction, linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) values increased with age, while arachidonic acid values decreased. The saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio in control hearts was unchanged as a function of age in the phospholipid fraction. In the triglyceride fraction, however, this ratio decreased substantially between newly hatched and nine day old birds and then markedly increased in two month old controls. There was a striking alteration in the saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio in the triglyceride fraction of 2 month old cardiomyopathic birds; this ratio was markedly increased in the furazolidone induced cardiomyopathic turkey hearts (5.14 v 2.79 in controls) and markedly diminished (ie, 0.97 to 1.21) in the spontaneously cardiomyopathic turkeys. A significant increase in myristic (14:0) and decrease in linoleic (18:2 omega 6) acid concentration in the furazolidone group v control and a marked decrease in myristic and increase in linoleic acid concentrations in the spontaneously cardiomyopathic group v controls was present.

CONCLUSIONS

(1) There is an age related alteration in the fatty acid composition of control turkey hearts. (2) Previously identified reduced lipid peroxidation in furazolidone induced and spontaneous cardiomyopathy in turkeys does not appear to be related to reduced concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids. (3) The two forms of dilated cardiomyopathy are associated with markedly disparate alterations in the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the triglyceride fraction of 1-2 month old turkey hearts. The changes may be related, in part, to the pathogenesis in these two different forms of dilated cardiomyopathy.

目的

确定先前报道的两种扩张型心肌病火鸡心脏脂质过氧化作用降低是否与心室脂质组成的改变有关。

方法

测量两种扩张型心肌病火鸡的心肌脂质组成。选取26只自然发生扩张型心肌病的火鸡、6只由呋喃唑酮诱导产生扩张型心肌病的火鸡以及18只年龄匹配的对照火鸡，分别在1日龄、9 - 10日龄和38 - 78日龄时进行研究。使用气相色谱法分析左心室磷脂、甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸和胆固醇酯组分中的脂肪酸组成。

结果

在心脏脂肪酸组成中发现了显著的年龄相关变化。在磷脂组分中，亚油酸（18:2 ω6）值随年龄增加，而花生四烯酸值降低。对照心脏中磷脂组分的饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸比值不随年龄变化。然而，在甘油三酯组分中，新孵出的火鸡与9日龄火鸡之间该比值大幅下降，然后在2月龄对照火鸡中显著升高。2月龄心肌病火鸡甘油三酯组分的饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸比值有显著改变；在呋喃唑酮诱导的心肌病火鸡心脏中该比值显著升高（对照组为2.79，实验组为5.14），而在自然发生心肌病的火鸡中则显著降低（即从0.97降至1.21）。与对照组相比，呋喃唑酮组肉豆蔻酸（14:0）浓度显著升高，亚油酸（18:2 ω）浓度降低；与对照组相比，自然发生心肌病组肉豆蔻酸浓度显著降低，亚油酸浓度升高。

结论

（1）对照火鸡心脏的脂肪酸组成存在年龄相关改变。（2）先前在呋喃唑酮诱导和自然发生的火鸡心肌病中发现的脂质过氧化作用降低似乎与多不饱和脂肪酸浓度降低无关。（3）两种扩张型心肌病与1 - 2月龄火鸡心脏甘油三酯组分中多不饱和脂肪酸浓度的显著不同改变有关。这些变化可能部分与这两种不同形式扩张型心肌病的发病机制有关。