Coster W J, Haley S, Baryza M J
Department of Occupational Therapy, Sargent College, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215.
Am J Occup Ther. 1994 Mar;48(3):211-8. doi: 10.5014/ajot.48.3.211.
A follow-up study is reported of 40 children between the ages of 1 month and 5.6 years who had sustained a brain injury either with (n = 11) or without (n = 29) additional injuries.
Children and their families were assessed at both 1 and 6 months after hospital discharge with standardized measures of functional performance and family functioning, including the Child Behavior Checklist, the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and the Impact on Family Scale. In addition to within-group analyses, functional outcome was compared to that of a group of 17 children who had sustained non-central nervous system injuries.
Mean scores for both groups of injured children were within the average range at both 1-month and 6-month follow-up testing. There was a general trend toward improved performance across the follow-up period, although only a few of these changes reached statistical significance. The effect of the injury as reported by the family was significantly associated with children's function as reflected by number of behavior problems and increased need for caregiver assistance.
Results point to the need for systematic follow-up of young children after brain injury using sensitive measures to enable early identification of children whose further development may be at risk and to provide support to families whose children are displaying changes in functional behavior.
报告一项对40名年龄在1个月至5.6岁之间的儿童进行的随访研究，这些儿童曾遭受脑损伤，其中11名伴有其他损伤，29名未伴有其他损伤。
在出院后1个月和6个月时，使用功能表现和家庭功能的标准化测量方法对儿童及其家庭进行评估，包括儿童行为清单、残疾儿童评定量表和家庭影响量表。除了组内分析外，还将功能结局与一组17名遭受非中枢神经系统损伤的儿童进行了比较。
两组受伤儿童在1个月和6个月随访测试时的平均得分均在平均范围内。在整个随访期间，总体表现呈改善趋势，尽管只有少数变化具有统计学意义。家庭报告的损伤影响与儿童功能显著相关，表现为行为问题数量和照顾者协助需求增加。
结果表明，有必要对脑损伤后的幼儿进行系统随访，采用敏感的测量方法，以便早期识别其进一步发育可能面临风险的儿童，并为其功能行为出现变化的儿童家庭提供支持。
