孕早期母亲吸烟习惯的改变对婴儿出生体重的影响。
Effect of changes in maternal smoking habits in early pregnancy on infant birthweight.
作者信息
Frank P, McNamee R, Hannaford P C, Kay C R
机构信息
Royal College of General Practitioners Manchester Research Unit.
出版信息
Br J Gen Pract. 1994 Feb;44(379):57-9.
BACKGROUND
The inverse relationship between maternal smoking and infant birthweight is well documented.
AIM
The aim of the present study was to examine whether a change in maternal cigarette consumption in early pregnancy affects the infant's birthweight.
METHOD
A total of 5980 women who presented to their general practitioners between 1976 and 1979 with an unplanned pregnancy and the babies resulting from these pregnancies were included in the study. Women were divided into four categories: non-smokers, smokers, quitters and reducers.
RESULTS
In terms of mean infant birthweight, the non-smokers had a clear benefit over the smokers whose babies were 153 g lighter (P < 0.001), and over the quitters whose infants were 39 g lighter. There was also an advantage in stopping smoking: the smokers had babies whose mean birthweight was 120 g less than that of the quitters (P < 0.001). There was no demonstrable benefit from reducing cigarette consumption without entirely stopping.
CONCLUSION
These findings may have important implications for where best to target health education.
背景
母亲吸烟与婴儿出生体重之间的负相关关系已有充分记录。
目的
本研究的目的是检验孕早期母亲香烟消费量的变化是否会影响婴儿的出生体重。
方法
共有5980名在1976年至1979年间因意外怀孕而去看全科医生的妇女以及这些怀孕所生的婴儿被纳入研究。妇女被分为四类：不吸烟者、吸烟者、戒烟者和减少吸烟者。
结果
就婴儿平均出生体重而言，不吸烟者明显优于吸烟者，吸烟者的婴儿轻153克（P<0.001），也优于戒烟者，其婴儿轻39克。戒烟也有好处：吸烟者的婴儿平均出生体重比戒烟者少120克（P<0.001）。不完全戒烟而减少香烟消费量没有明显益处。
结论
这些发现可能对健康教育的最佳目标定位具有重要意义。
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