Watson W T, Shuckett E P, Becker A B, Simons F E
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Chest. 1994 May;105(5):1439-41. doi: 10.1378/chest.105.5.1439.
To evaluate the effects of nebulized ipratropium bromide on intraocular pressures and pupillary responses in children with asthma.
A double-blind, randomized, crossover study.
Children's Hospital of Winnipeg, University of Manitoba.
Age 6 to 17 years with asthma.
Nebulized ipratropium bromide added to albuterol sulfate, albuterol alone, or saline solution was given by face mask and nebulizer. Before and 0.5 h after nebulization, intraocular pressures (mm Hg), pupillary size (mm), and pupillary responses were measured. In a subsequent open study, patients who had been admitted to hospital with acute asthma who were treated with nebulized ipratropium bromide were recruited for measurement of intraocular pressures, pupillary size, and pupillary responses.
Twenty patients completed the double-blind study, and 26 patients completed the open study. There were no changes in intraocular pressures, pupillary size, or pupillary response after any treatment on any study day in either the double-blind or the open studies.
In children with asthma, who have no pre-existing ocular abnormalities, the risk of an adverse reaction to nebulized ipratropium bromide delivered by face mask inadvertently absorbed in the eye is extremely small.
评估雾化吸入异丙托溴铵对哮喘儿童眼压及瞳孔反应的影响。
双盲、随机、交叉研究。
曼尼托巴大学温尼伯儿童医院。
6至17岁的哮喘患儿。
通过面罩和雾化器给予添加到硫酸沙丁胺醇中的雾化异丙托溴铵、单独的沙丁胺醇或生理盐水。在雾化前及雾化后0.5小时，测量眼压（毫米汞柱）、瞳孔大小（毫米）和瞳孔反应。在随后的开放性研究中，招募因急性哮喘入院并接受雾化异丙托溴铵治疗的患者，测量其眼压、瞳孔大小和瞳孔反应。
20名患者完成了双盲研究，26名患者完成了开放性研究。在双盲或开放性研究的任何研究日，任何治疗后眼压、瞳孔大小或瞳孔反应均无变化。
对于无眼部既往异常的哮喘儿童，经面罩雾化吸入的异丙托溴铵意外经眼部吸收而产生不良反应的风险极小。
