Aaltonen I, Mäkelä K
Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, Helsinki.
Int J Addict. 1994 Mar;29(4):485-95. doi: 10.3109/10826089409047394.
To study differences in how women and men describe their drinking problems, key expressions were recorded in 50 female and 50 male stories published in the Finnish A.A. (Alcoholics Anonymous) journal. Men show more interest in the past and try to understand their lives in causal terms. Women focus on the present and on experiences in A.A. Men more frequently mention narcotics and alcohol substitutes; medical drugs are more common in female stories. Men's stories more frequently contain social deviance. Women pay more attention to social relationships. The phrase Higher Power is used with equal frequency, but women more commonly use the word God. Women express more positive emotions. Registers of negative emotions differ. The drinking man is threatened by feelings of inferiority; the drinking woman by shame and guilt.
为研究男性和女性描述自身饮酒问题方式的差异,对发表在芬兰戒酒互助会期刊上的50篇女性故事和50篇男性故事中的关键表述进行了记录。男性对过去更感兴趣,并试图从因果关系角度理解自己的生活。女性关注当下以及戒酒互助会中的经历。男性更频繁地提及毒品和酒精替代品;女性故事中更常见的是药品。男性的故事中更频繁地出现社会偏差行为。女性更关注社会关系。“更高力量”这一表述使用频率相同,但女性更常使用“上帝”一词。女性表达出更多积极情绪。消极情绪的表现形式有所不同。饮酒的男性受到自卑感的威胁;饮酒的女性则受到羞耻感和内疚感的困扰。