Kuang P, Xiang J
Neurotransmitter Research Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Postgraduate Military Medical School, Beijing.
J Tradit Chin Med. 1994 Mar;14(1):45-50.
The concentrations of amino acids (AA), stroke index and infarct area were determined in 26 gerbils which were divided into 3 groups: RSM-treated (n = 8), Saline-treated (n = 10) and sham-operated (n = 8). The levels of AA were measured with microdialysis technique in cerebral cortex. The concentrations of neurotransmitter AA, as Glu and GABA and Asp, were significantly increased during the first 60 min after CCA ligation, while the concentrations of non-neurotransmitter AA, as Thr and Ser, had no significant changes. In RSM-treated gerbils, the level of Glu was significantly lower than that of the saline-treated, but the GABA in RSM-treated was significantly higher than that of the saline-treated. The ratio of Glu/GABA was significantly decreased after ischemia. The RSM could improve the reduction of ratio of Glu/GABA during 0-30 min and 91-120 min after cerebral ischemia. There were statistically significant decrease in terms of stroke index in RSM-treated group when compared with saline-treated group at 24 h and 16 h after CCA ligation respectively. The RSM has a tendency to decrease the size of infarct area, but no statistical difference. The results suggest that the neurotransmitter AA involve in the pathophysiological procedures of cerebral ischemia and the RSM can attenuate dysfunctions of EAA and IAA. Furthermore, the results also imply that there may be an alternate way to treat cerebral ischemia by inhibiting the presynaptic releasing of Glu and stimulating the releasing of GABA.
在26只沙土鼠中测定了氨基酸（AA）浓度、卒中指数和梗死面积，这些沙土鼠被分为3组：红景天苷治疗组（n = 8）、生理盐水治疗组（n = 10）和假手术组（n = 8）。采用微透析技术测量大脑皮质中的AA水平。在颈总动脉结扎后的最初60分钟内，神经递质AA如谷氨酸（Glu）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和天冬氨酸（Asp）的浓度显著升高，而非神经递质AA如苏氨酸（Thr）和丝氨酸（Ser）的浓度没有显著变化。在红景天苷治疗的沙土鼠中，Glu水平显著低于生理盐水治疗组，但红景天苷治疗组的GABA水平显著高于生理盐水治疗组。缺血后Glu/GABA比值显著降低。红景天苷可改善脑缺血后0 - 30分钟和91 - 120分钟内Glu/GABA比值的降低。与生理盐水治疗组相比，红景天苷治疗组在颈总动脉结扎后24小时和16小时的卒中指数分别有统计学意义的降低。红景天苷有减小梗死面积的趋势，但无统计学差异。结果表明，神经递质AA参与了脑缺血的病理生理过程，红景天苷可减轻兴奋性氨基酸（EAA）和抑制性氨基酸（IAA）的功能障碍。此外，结果还表明，可能存在一种通过抑制Glu的突触前释放和刺激GABA的释放来治疗脑缺血的替代方法。
