Montgomery W H, Pink M, Perry J
Centinela Hospital Medical Center, Biomechanics Laboratory, Inglewood, California 90301.
Am J Sports Med. 1994 Mar-Apr;22(2):272-8. doi: 10.1177/036354659402200220.
The purpose of this study was to describe the firing pattern of 11 hip and knee muscles during running. Thirty recreational runners volunteered to run at 3 different paces with indwelling electromyographic electrodes while being filmed at 100 frames per second. Results demonstrated that medial and lateral vasti muscles acted together for knee extension during terminal swing and loading response, possibly providing a patella stabilizing role. The vastus intermedius muscle functioned with the other vasti, plus eccentrically controlled knee flexion during swing phase. The rectus femoris muscle fired with the vastus intermedius muscle and assisted the iliacus muscle with hip flexion. The hamstrings fired primarily to eccentrically control hip flexion. The adductor magnus, tensor fascia lata, and gluteus maximus muscles afforded pelvic stabilization while assisting with hip flexion and extension. Forward propulsion was provided mainly by hip flexion and knee extension, which is contrary to the view that posterior calf muscles provide propulsion during toe off. Faster running paces lead to increased activity in the muscles. This may lead to more injuries, primarily in the muscles that were contracting eccentrically.
本研究的目的是描述11块髋部和膝部肌肉在跑步过程中的放电模式。30名业余跑步者自愿在体内植入肌电图电极的情况下，以3种不同的速度跑步，同时以每秒100帧的速度拍摄。结果表明，股内侧肌和股外侧肌在摆动末期和负重反应期间共同作用于膝关节伸展，可能起到稳定髌骨的作用。股中间肌与其他股肌协同作用，并在摆动期离心控制膝关节屈曲。股直肌与股中间肌一起放电，并协助髂肌进行髋关节屈曲。腘绳肌主要放电以离心控制髋关节屈曲。大收肌、阔筋膜张肌和臀大肌在协助髋关节屈伸的同时提供骨盆稳定。向前推进主要由髋关节屈曲和膝关节伸展提供，这与后小腿肌肉在蹬离期提供推进力的观点相反。更快的跑步速度会导致肌肉活动增加。这可能会导致更多损伤，主要发生在离心收缩的肌肉中。
