Wang S S, Whitney S L, Burdett R G, Janosky J E
Texas Woman's University, School of Physical Therapy, Houston 77030.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Feb;17(2):102-7. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.17.2.102.
Muscle tightness is often considered to be a predisposing factor in muscle injuries. The purpose of this study was to assess the muscle flexibility of the hamstrings, rectus femoris, iliopsoas, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles in long distance runners. Range of motion measurements of five movements, including hip flexion with knee extended, hip extension with knee flexed, hip extension with knee extended, ankle dorsiflexion with knee extended, and ankle dorsiflexion with knee flexed, were evaluated to determine muscle tightness. Twenty runners and 20 nonrunners volunteered for the study. Each group consisted of 10 males and 10 females. The observed means were compared between runners and nonrunners, males and females, plus the dominant and nondominant leg using a three-way analysis of variance. The runners were found to have tighter hamstrings (p < .05), and soleus (p < .05) muscles than nonrunners. There was no significant difference in rectus femoris and iliopsoas muscle tightness in runners compared with nonrunners. In addition, the males had tighter hamstring muscles than the females in both runners and nonrunners (p < .05). The hamstring muscles of the dominant leg were tighter than the hamstrings of the nondominant leg in all subjects (p < .05). In conclusion, long distance runners appear to have posterior muscle tightness in the lower extremity.
肌肉紧张通常被认为是肌肉损伤的一个诱发因素。本研究的目的是评估长跑运动员的腘绳肌、股直肌、髂腰肌、腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的肌肉柔韧性。通过评估包括膝关节伸展时的髋关节屈曲、膝关节屈曲时的髋关节伸展、膝关节伸展时的髋关节伸展、膝关节伸展时的踝关节背屈以及膝关节屈曲时的踝关节背屈这五种动作的活动范围测量值，来确定肌肉紧张程度。20名跑步者和20名非跑步者自愿参与了该研究。每组由10名男性和10名女性组成。使用三因素方差分析比较了跑步者与非跑步者、男性与女性以及优势腿和非优势腿之间观察到的平均值。结果发现，跑步者的腘绳肌（p < 0.05）和比目鱼肌（p < 0.05）比非跑步者更紧张。与非跑步者相比，跑步者的股直肌和髂腰肌紧张程度没有显著差异。此外，在跑步者和非跑步者中，男性的腘绳肌都比女性更紧张（p < 0.05）。在所有受试者中，优势腿的腘绳肌比非优势腿的腘绳肌更紧张（p < 0.05）。总之，长跑运动员似乎下肢后部肌肉紧张。
