Glynn M A
School of Organization and Management, Yale University.
J Appl Psychol. 1994 Feb;79(1):34-45. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.79.1.34.
How task cues affect cognition, attitudes, and behavior was explored in this laboratory study with 82 master of business administration students. Linguistic analysis of responses to the same puzzle task, cued as either work or play, revealed that task cues influenced how information was perceived and was used to form judgments and to shape behavioral responses. Ss performing work tasks attended more to information about the quantity of their performance and made more streamlined, goal-directed responses. Ss performing play tasks attended more to information about the quality of their performance; made more elaborated, image-laden responses; and were more intrinsically motivated. Links among task cues, cognitive processes, and performance were explicated through path analysis. Task cues affected performance outcomes indirectly by instantiating associated cognitive orientations: a means orientation in play and an ends orientation in work.
在这项针对82名工商管理硕士学生的实验室研究中，探讨了任务线索如何影响认知、态度和行为。对同样的谜题任务的回答进行语言分析，该任务被提示为工作或游戏，结果显示任务线索影响了信息的感知方式以及用于形成判断和塑造行为反应的方式。执行工作任务的受试者更多地关注关于其表现数量的信息，并做出更简化、目标导向的反应。执行游戏任务的受试者更多地关注关于其表现质量的信息；做出更详尽、充满意象的反应；并且内在动机更强。通过路径分析阐明了任务线索、认知过程和表现之间的联系。任务线索通过实例化相关的认知取向间接影响表现结果：游戏中的手段取向和工作中的目的取向。
