Oermann M H
College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1994 Feb;23(2):153-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01865.x.
Trends in health care suggest changes in nursing practice and implications for nursing education. Changing demographics, emphasis on health promotion, health care costs, movement toward community-based care, and expanding technology are factors that shape the health care system of the future and educational preparation of nurses. This article examines these trends and implications for nursing education. Faculty are faced with preparing students for future practice that will be more complex and specialized than it now is; will be provided in multiple settings; and will require extensive knowledge, critical thinking and other cognitive skills, technologic and psychomotor skills, and a value system for making ethical decisions. Other outcomes of nursing education program include learning to learn, handling ambiguity, thinking like a professional, and accepting responsibility for decisions made in practice. For nursing to assume a central role in the health care system of tomorrow, reform in nursing education is needed today.
医疗保健领域的趋势表明护理实践发生了变化，并对护理教育产生了影响。人口结构的变化、对健康促进的重视、医疗保健成本、向社区护理的转变以及技术的不断发展，这些因素塑造了未来的医疗保健系统以及护士的教育培养。本文探讨了这些趋势及其对护理教育的影响。教师面临着培养学生以适应未来更为复杂和专业化的实践需求；这种实践将在多种环境中进行；并且需要广泛的知识、批判性思维和其他认知技能、技术和操作技能，以及用于做出道德决策的价值体系。护理教育项目的其他成果包括学会学习、应对不确定性、像专业人员一样思考，以及为实践中做出的决策承担责任。为使护理在未来的医疗保健系统中发挥核心作用，如今需要对护理教育进行改革。
