利用啮齿动物气管上皮细胞和人淋巴细胞进行空气中颗粒物的体外比较遗传毒性试验。

Comparative genotoxicity testing of airborne particulates using rodent tracheal epithelial cells and human lymphocytes in vitro.

作者信息

Seemayer N H, Hornberg C, Hadnagy W

机构信息

Medical Institute of Environmental Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.

出版信息

Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):95-103. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90015-9.

DOI:10.1016/0378-4274(94)90015-9

PMID:8202962

Abstract

In our study samples of airborne particulates were collected in the heavily industrialized Rhine-Ruhr region utilizing a high volume sampler HVS 150 (Ströhlein Instruments) equipped with glass fibre filters. Chemical substances were extracted from filters with dichloromethane and quantitatively transferred to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for tissue culture experiments. For detection of genotoxicity of extract of airborne particulates we utilized as a sensitive bioassay the induction of 'sister chromatid exchanges' (SCE) in cultures of human lymphocytes and of tracheal epithelial cells of the Syrian golden hamster. The extract of airborne particulates was added in various concentrations to cell cultures of human lymphocytes and hamster tracheal epithelial cells in presence of bromodeoxyuridine for 72 or 48 h, the last 3 h in presence of demecolcine or nocodazole, respectively. Extract of airborne particulates led in both test systems--human lymphocytes and tracheal epithelial cells of the hamster--to a dose-dependent, highly significant induction of 'sister chromatid exchanges'. Very low quantities of substances corresponding to airborne particulates from less than 1 m3 air were highly effective in both cell systems. In comparison, tracheal epithelial cells of the Syrian golden hamster revealed a higher sensitivity showing a steeper increase of 'sister chromatid exchanges' than human lymphocytes.

摘要

在我们的研究中，利用配备玻璃纤维滤膜的大容量采样器HVS 150（施特罗林仪器公司），在工业化程度很高的莱茵-鲁尔地区采集空气颗粒物样本。用二氯甲烷从滤膜中提取化学物质，并定量转移至二甲基亚砜（DMSO）中用于组织培养实验。为检测空气颗粒物提取物的遗传毒性，我们采用人淋巴细胞和叙利亚金黄地鼠气管上皮细胞培养物中“姐妹染色单体交换”（SCE）的诱导作为一种灵敏的生物测定法。在存在溴脱氧尿苷的情况下，将不同浓度的空气颗粒物提取物添加到人淋巴细胞和地鼠气管上皮细胞培养物中72小时或48小时，最后3小时分别存在秋水仙酰胺或诺考达唑。空气颗粒物提取物在人淋巴细胞和地鼠气管上皮细胞这两个测试系统中均导致剂量依赖性的、高度显著的“姐妹染色单体交换”诱导。对应于不到1立方米空气中的空气颗粒物的极少量物质在这两个细胞系统中都非常有效。相比之下，叙利亚金黄地鼠的气管上皮细胞显示出更高的敏感性，其“姐妹染色单体交换”的增加比人淋巴细胞更陡峭。