Lafortune M A, Cavanagh P R, Sommer H J, Kalenak A
School of Human Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
J Orthop Res. 1994 May;12(3):412-20. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100120314.
The purpose of this study was to monitor selected aspects of the three-dimensional kinematics of the knee during walking with regular shoes and with modified shoes that induced either pronation or supination of the foot. Steinmann traction pins were inserted into the right tibia and femur of five adult men who had apparently normal lower extremities. Target clusters mounted onto the pins were filmed by four cine cameras operating at 100 frames/sec. Two trials per subject were analyzed for each of the three experimental conditions: regular running shoes, running shoes with a 10 degree valgus wedge, and running shoes with a 10 degree varus wedge. The different types of footwear induced only minor kinematic changes at the knee during the stance phase of walking. The angular patterns of the tibiofemoral joint were modified by less than 1 degree, whereas the translatory patterns were altered by 2 mm. Immediately following foot-strike, the valgus-wedge shoes caused the tibia to rotate internally 4 degrees more than the varus-wedge shoes, but at the tibiofemoral joint no consistent differences in the pattern of internal-external rotation between normal and modified footwear were measureable. These findings suggest that, in the healthy lower extremity, increased internal and external tibial rotation is resolved at the hip joint, with changes at the tibiofemoral joint that barely are detectable with the techniques used in this study.
本研究的目的是监测在穿着普通鞋子以及穿着可导致足内翻或足外翻的改良鞋子行走时，膝关节三维运动学的特定方面。将施泰因曼牵引针插入五名下肢明显正常的成年男性的右胫骨和股骨中。安装在针上的目标簇由四台以100帧/秒运行的电影摄像机拍摄。对每个受试者的三种实验条件（普通跑鞋、带有10度外翻楔形垫的跑鞋和带有10度内翻楔形垫的跑鞋）各分析两次试验。不同类型的鞋类在步行站立阶段仅引起膝关节微小的运动学变化。胫股关节的角度模式改变小于1度，而平移模式改变2毫米。在足部着地后立即观察到，外翻楔形垫鞋子使胫骨比内翻楔形垫鞋子多内旋4度，但在胫股关节处，正常鞋类和改良鞋类之间的内外旋转模式没有可测量的一致差异。这些发现表明，在健康的下肢中，增加的胫骨内外旋转在髋关节处得到解决，胫股关节的变化在本研究使用的技术下几乎无法检测到。
