Rabe-Jabłońska J, Bieńkiewicz W
II Kliniki Psychiatrycznej AM, Lodzi.
Psychiatr Pol. 1994 Mar-Apr;28(2):255-68.
In 1991 the American Psychiatric Association proposed a draft version of the IV edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders--the DSM IV Options Book. Authors of this version wanted to increase clarity of the criteria sets and to provide compatibility with the Tenth Edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The purpose of this Options Book is to propose some changes in wording, diagnostic divisions and to discuss various options concerning the placement of sections and disorders within the classification. The "Disorders of Infancy, Childhood or Adolescence" section was renamed "Disorders Usually First Evident in Infancy, Childhood or Adolescence" and moved to the front of the classification and also was expended to 11 groups of disorders. Several suggestions have been made about including new diagnostic groupings such as: Rett's Disorder, Eating Disorders and Voice Disorder. The Options Book introduces a superior category for Attention Deficit Disorders (with and without hyperactivity) and for Conduct Disorder/Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Several options are proposed regarding The Anxiety Disorders of Childhood or Adolescence. Since there is no evidence for distinction in this category according to the age criterion, one option would be to move these disorders into the adult anxiety section (similarly to the Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia). In the new version the title "Specific Developmental Disorders" is omitted. The suggestion is to include Phonological Disorder (Articulation Disorders) and Elective Mutism in the Speech and Language Disorders section.
1991年,美国精神病学协会提出了《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版——《DSM-IV选项手册》的草案版本。该版本的作者希望提高标准集的清晰度,并与《国际疾病分类第十版》(ICD-10)保持兼容。这本选项手册的目的是提出一些措辞、诊断分类方面的修改,并讨论有关分类中各章节和疾病位置的各种选项。“婴儿期、儿童期或青春期疾病”部分被重新命名为“通常在婴儿期、儿童期或青春期首次显现的疾病”,并移至分类的开头,同时扩展为11组疾病。已经提出了一些关于纳入新诊断分组的建议,例如:雷特氏症、进食障碍和嗓音障碍。选项手册为注意力缺陷障碍(伴或不伴多动)和品行障碍/对立违抗性障碍引入了一个上级类别。针对儿童期或青春期焦虑障碍提出了几种选项。由于没有证据表明根据年龄标准在这一类别中有区别,一种选择是将这些障碍移至成人焦虑症部分(类似于心境障碍和精神分裂症)。在新版本中,“特定发育障碍”这一标题被省略。建议将音韵障碍(发音障碍)和选择性缄默症纳入言语和语言障碍部分。