Pyhälä R, Kinnunen L, Kumpulainen V, Ikonen N, Kleemola M, Cantell K
National Public Health Institute, Helskinki, Finland.
Vaccine. 1993;11(10):1013-7. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(93)90126-i.
In Autumn 1990, trivalent split influenza virus vaccine containing A/Taiwan/1/86(H1N1) was used to immunize healthy female employees (n = 104). The 11-12 amino acid differences in the HA1 domain of virus haemagglutinin between A/Taiwan/1/86 and representative epidemic H1N1 strains in Finland in 1991 did not result in lowered haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody responses to the latter viruses. In fact, higher prevaccination, postvaccination and postepidemic antibody titres were recorded against the new field strains than against the vaccine virus; the highest being against field strains grown exclusively in MDCK cell cultures. This pattern is primarily explained by differences in the sensitivity of the viruses for detecting HI antibodies. Postvaccination protection rates of 98-100% for the MDCK-grown avid viruses were noted in subjects who exhibited prevaccination antibody. Lower protection rates were recorded in initially seronegative subjects, the lowest (54-57%) being among older people, i.e. among vaccines born in 1930-1955 (p < 0.001). Moreover, conspicuous decreases in protection rates were detected during the following epidemic season in the initially seronegative subjects. Diagnostic findings during outbreaks due to H1N1 subtype viruses also support the impression that many middle-aged people are poorly primed. Thus, vaccination with two doses may be worth considering when such people join the high-risk group and receive influenza vaccine for the first time.
1990年秋季，使用含有A/台湾/1/86（H1N1）的三价裂解流感病毒疫苗对104名健康女性员工进行免疫接种。1991年芬兰A/台湾/1/86病毒血凝素HA1结构域与代表性流行H1N1毒株之间11 - 12个氨基酸的差异并未导致对后者病毒的血凝抑制（HI）抗体反应降低。事实上，针对新的现场毒株记录的接种前、接种后和流行后抗体滴度高于针对疫苗病毒的抗体滴度；最高的是针对仅在MDCK细胞培养物中生长的现场毒株。这种模式主要由病毒检测HI抗体的敏感性差异来解释。在接种前有抗体的受试者中，观察到MDCK培养的高亲和力病毒的接种后保护率为98 - 100%。在初始血清阴性的受试者中记录到较低的保护率，最低的（54 - 57%）是在老年人中，即1930 - 1955年出生的疫苗接种者中（p < 0.001）。此外，在随后的流行季节中，在初始血清阴性的受试者中检测到保护率显著下降。H1N1亚型病毒爆发期间的诊断结果也支持许多中年人免疫准备不足的印象。因此，当这些人首次加入高危人群并接种流感疫苗时，考虑接种两剂疫苗可能是值得的。
