Portella E, Goicoechea J, Penella J
Servei Andorrà d'Atenció Sanitària (SAAS), Andorra la Vella.
Soz Praventivmed. 1993;38(4):245-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01624543.
A cross-sectional study on vaccine coverage and vaccine effectiveness was carried out on a randomized sample of the cohort of schoolchildren born in 1983 attending school in Andorra, prior to the introduction of a Systematic Immunisation Plan that included centralised import and delivery of vaccines to vaccinating clinics, surveillance of the cold-chain during vaccine delivery, and a clearly-defined immunization schedule against diphtheria, tetanus, -pertussis, polio, mumps, rubella and measles. Vaccine coverage was estimated from vaccination card records; history of disease and sociodemographic variables were obtained through a questionnaire to the children's parents and vaccine effectiveness was estimated through serum antibody testing. Vaccine coverage levels for DTP and OPV were 97.8% for both. Protective serum antibody prevalence was correspondingly high except for the polio viruses. The authors suggest that decreased vaccine effectiveness, probably due to poor preservation of the cold chain, might be the cause of this finding. In countries or regions with an otherwise developed organisation of health services, an important issue like this can still be overlooked.
在安道尔上学的1983年出生的学龄儿童队列的随机样本中,开展了一项关于疫苗接种覆盖率和疫苗效力的横断面研究,该研究在一项系统免疫计划实施之前进行,该计划包括集中进口疫苗并将其交付至接种诊所、在疫苗交付期间监测冷链以及针对白喉、破伤风、百日咳、脊髓灰质炎、腮腺炎、风疹和麻疹制定明确的免疫接种时间表。根据接种卡记录估算疫苗接种覆盖率;通过向儿童家长发放问卷获取疾病史和社会人口统计学变量,并通过血清抗体检测估算疫苗效力。白喉、破伤风、百日咳混合疫苗(DTP)和口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV)的接种覆盖率均为97.8%。除脊髓灰质炎病毒外,保护性血清抗体流行率相应较高。作者认为,疫苗效力下降可能是由于冷链保存不善所致,这可能是这一研究结果的原因。在卫生服务机构组织完善的国家或地区,这样一个重要问题仍可能被忽视。