Gable R S
Faculty in Psychology, Claremont Graduate School, California 91711-6175.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1993;19(3):263-81. doi: 10.3109/00952999309001618.
A procedure is outlined for comparing dependence potential and acute toxicity across a broad range of abused psychoactive substances. Tentative results, based on an extensive literature review of 20 substances, suggested that the margin of safety ("therapeutic index") varied dramatically between substances. Intravenous heroin appeared to have the greatest risk of dependence and acute lethality; oral psilocybin appeared to have the least. Hazards due to behavioral deficits, perceptual distortion, or chronic illness were not factored into the assessments.
本文概述了一种用于比较多种滥用精神活性物质的成瘾潜力和急性毒性的方法。基于对20种物质的广泛文献综述得出的初步结果表明，不同物质之间的安全边际（“治疗指数”）差异很大。静脉注射海洛因似乎具有最高的成瘾风险和急性致死率；口服裸盖菇素的风险似乎最低。评估中未考虑行为缺陷、感知扭曲或慢性疾病导致的危害。
