Wolitski R J, Bensley L, Corby N H, Fishbein M, Galavotti C
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Community Health. 1996 Aug;21(4):293-310. doi: 10.1007/BF01794879.
Sources of HIV information were examined for 4,329 residents in five inner-city neighborhoods. Half of the respondents were female; 58% were African American, 21% Hispanic, and 21% White. Forty-nine percent of participants reported one or more practices contributing to HIV risk: injection drug use (35%), sexual contact with an injection drug user (31%), prostitution (27%), or for men, anal sex with a male partner (5% of males). Most had received HIV information in the prior three months through mass or small media sources (78%), and 47% had spoken with someone about HIV. Television was the most frequently mentioned media source (48% of all respondents), while friends and family were the most frequently cited interpersonal source (20%). Exposure to specific mass and small media sources was related to gender, ethnicity, and risk status. Women and individuals at-risk of HIV infection were most likely to have talked with someone about HIV in the past three months. African Americans, however, were less likely to have discussed HIV. Differences associated with gender, ethnicity, and risk status were also observed for interpersonal information sources. Implications for future HIV education efforts are discussed.
对五个市中心社区的4329名居民的艾滋病毒信息来源进行了调查。一半的受访者为女性;58%为非裔美国人,21%为西班牙裔,21%为白人。49%的参与者报告了一种或多种导致感染艾滋病毒风险的行为:注射吸毒(35%)、与注射吸毒者发生性接触(31%)、卖淫(27%),对于男性而言,与男性伴侣进行肛交(占男性的5%)。大多数人在过去三个月通过大众或小众媒体渠道获得了艾滋病毒信息(78%),47%的人曾与他人谈论过艾滋病毒。电视是最常被提及的媒体渠道(占所有受访者的48%),而朋友和家人是最常被提及的人际渠道(20%)。接触特定的大众和小众媒体渠道与性别、种族和风险状况有关。女性和有感染艾滋病毒风险的人在过去三个月里最有可能与他人谈论过艾滋病毒。然而,非裔美国人谈论艾滋病毒的可能性较小。在人际信息来源方面也观察到了与性别、种族和风险状况相关的差异。文中讨论了对未来艾滋病毒教育工作的启示。