Scaglione F, Demartini G, Dugnani S, Fraschini F
Department of Pharmacology, Chemotherapy and Toxicology, University of Milan, Italy.
Chemotherapy. 1993 Nov-Dec;39(6):416-23. doi: 10.1159/000238987.
An in vitro infection model was created using a suspension of macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and human serum to which pathogen and antibiotic were added. Separate intracellular and extracellular antibiotic concentrations and activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Legionella pneumophila were assessed for three antimicrobial agents: amoxicillin, azithromycin and clarithromycin. Amoxicillin was found almost exclusively in extracellular fluid, where it was active; intracellularly, it was ineffective. Azithromycin, in contrast, was primarily concentrated and active intracellularly, with little activity in extracellular fluid. Clarithromycin was present in both compartments and possessed significant activity both intracellularly and extracellularly.
使用巨噬细胞、多形核白细胞、淋巴细胞、成纤维细胞和人血清的悬浮液创建了一种体外感染模型，并向其中添加了病原体和抗生素。评估了三种抗菌药物（阿莫西林、阿奇霉素和克拉霉素）对金黄色葡萄球菌和嗜肺军团菌的细胞内和细胞外抗生素浓度及活性。发现阿莫西林几乎完全存在于细胞外液中，在那里它具有活性；在细胞内则无效。相比之下，阿奇霉素主要在细胞内浓缩并具有活性，在细胞外液中活性很小。克拉霉素在两个区室中均有存在，在细胞内和细胞外均具有显著活性。
