Pulmonary hemorrhage as a clinical manifestation of hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with mitomycin C therapy.

Mitomycin C (MMC) is an alkylating agent that has been recently associated with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Pulmonary impairment in the HUS is rarely reported in the literature, and no reports of pulmonary hemorrhage, as a clinical feature of the HUS, have been documented. We describe two women who developed HUS after MMC therapy and presented massive pulmonary bleeding. Pulmonary hemorrhage is an uncommon feature in the HUS, and seems to appear especially in the HUS associated with MMC therapy. It is extremely resistant to standard treatment, and confers a poor prognosis for this disease.