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我们对于国际放射防护委员会第60号报告的进展情况如何?

Where do we stand with the International Commission on Radiological Protection Report 60?

作者信息

Harding L K, Thomson W H

机构信息

Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, Dudley Road Hospital, Birmingham, UK.

出版信息

Eur J Nucl Med. 1993 Sep;20(9):787-91. doi: 10.1007/BF00180910.

Abstract

We have examined the implications of ICRP60 for nuclear medicine. Radiation doses to staff are currently low and reduction of the dose limits will have little impact. However, the proposed figures for the fetus may have implications for pregnant women where the workloads are high. With nursing staff on the ward, laboratory staff or indeed departmental porters there seems little problem. Radiation dose to the fingers is, however, a key factor, and ensuring that no further restrictions are placed on the proposed dose limits is important. The concept of constraints is becoming clearer but will need further thought, particularly with regard to exposure of the general public. The previous basis for declaring controlled and supervised areas has been abandoned, and the situation is now less clear. A most important area of debate will be the patient who is a controlled area, and great care will have to be taken to ensure that the number of patients in this category is not increased so that many more patients need to be kept in hospital. Exposure of the general public is also an issue and expanding the concept of medical exposure to include carers is an important development. This should prevent a number of unnecessary restrictions and adds weight to the point that two waiting rooms are not justified in nuclear medicine departments. ICRP recommendations will soon be incorporated into the legislation of member states and it is import for everyone to ensure that drafts are read carefully and that national proposals are not too restrictive.

摘要

我们已研究了国际放射防护委员会第60号出版物对核医学的影响。目前工作人员所受辐射剂量较低,降低剂量限值影响不大。然而,针对胎儿的拟议数值可能会对工作量大的孕妇产生影响。对于病房的护理人员、实验室工作人员或部门搬运工来说,似乎问题不大。然而,手指所受辐射剂量是一个关键因素,确保不对拟议的剂量限值施加进一步限制很重要。约束的概念正变得更加清晰,但仍需进一步思考,尤其是在公众照射方面。以前用于划分控制区和监督区的依据已被摒弃,现在情况不太明朗。一个最重要的辩论领域将是作为控制区的患者,必须格外小心以确保这类患者的数量不会增加,以免更多患者需要住院。公众照射也是一个问题,将医疗照射的概念扩大到包括护理人员是一项重要进展。这应能避免一些不必要的限制,并支持核医学科室不需要两个候诊室这一观点。国际放射防护委员会的建议很快将纳入成员国的法规,每个人都应仔细研读草案,确保国家提案不过于严格,这很重要。

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