Fujita K, Kakuya F, Ito S
Department of Paediatrics, Asahikawa Medical College, Japan.
Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Oct;152(10):852-5. doi: 10.1007/BF02073386.
Faecal vitamin K1 (VK1, phylloquinone) and vitamin K2 (menaquinone, MK) concentrations were measured in 12 breast fed and 9 formula fed 1-month-old infants. Faecal concentrations of VK1 and MK-5 to -9 were significantly higher in the formula fed than in the breast fed infants. There was also a tendency for higher total faecal MK (4-10) concentrations in the formula fed [geometric mean (95% confidence intervals); 8995.0 (3872.6, 20,893.0) pmol/g of dry faeces] than in the breast fed infants [2937.7 (1285.3, 6714.3), P = 0.051]. The numbers of streptococci and Escherichia coli were 100 and 10 times higher, respectively, in the faeces of the formula fed than in those of the breast fed infants. Faecal concentrations of MK-6, -7 and -8, and MK-8 were correlated with the numbers of streptococci and E. coli in the faeces, respectively. Serum VK1 and MK concentrations were measured in 9 out of 12 breast fed and eight out of nine formula fed infants. The serum VK1 concentration was much higher in the formula fed infants [average (95% CI); 2.20 (1.48, 2.92) pmol/ml] than in the breast fed ones [0.30 (-0.10, 0.70), P = 0.000], but MKs were not detected in the sera of most of the formula fed infants.
对12名母乳喂养和9名人工喂养的1月龄婴儿的粪便维生素K1（VK1，叶绿醌）和维生素K2（甲萘醌，MK）浓度进行了测量。人工喂养婴儿粪便中VK1和MK-5至-9的浓度显著高于母乳喂养婴儿。人工喂养婴儿粪便中总MK（4-10）浓度也有高于母乳喂养婴儿的趋势[几何平均数（95%置信区间）；每克干粪便8995.0（3872.6，20893.0）pmol]，而母乳喂养婴儿为[2937.7（1285.3，6714.3），P=0.051]。人工喂养婴儿粪便中链球菌和大肠杆菌的数量分别比母乳喂养婴儿高100倍和10倍。粪便中MK-6、-7和-8以及MK-8的浓度分别与粪便中链球菌和大肠杆菌的数量相关。对12名母乳喂养婴儿中的9名和9名人工喂养婴儿中的8名测量了血清VK1和MK浓度。人工喂养婴儿的血清VK1浓度[平均数（95%CI）；2.20（1.48，2.92）pmol/ml]远高于母乳喂养婴儿[0.30（-0.10，0.70），P=0.000]，但大多数人工喂养婴儿的血清中未检测到MK。
