Weiss L M, Wittner M, Wasserman S, Oz H S, Retsema J, Tanowitz H B
Dept. of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
J Infect Dis. 1993 Nov;168(5):1289-92. doi: 10.1093/infdis/168.5.1289.
Because of its prevalence and severity, Babesia microti infection is an important public health problem. The current treatment of choice is clindamycin plus quinine. However, in some cases other treatments are needed because of drug intolerance or relapse. The activity of azithromycin was investigated for treatment of babesiosis in the hamster model. All animals received vancomycin to prevent antibiotic-associated colitis. Quinine (250 mg/kg/day), azithromycin (150 mg/kg/day), and the combination of azithromycin and quinine were compared. A significant suppression of parasitemia was found in all treatment groups (combination had the greatest effect, followed by azithromycin, then quinine; P < .05). The mean survival was significantly prolonged in the combination group (P < .05). Azithromycin as monotherapy in a higher dose (300 mg/kg/day) also resulted in a significant prolongation of survival (P < .05). Spirogermanium and ciprofloxacin, which have been reported to have antimalarial activity, had no effect on parasitemia or survival in this experimental babesiosis model.
由于微小巴贝斯虫感染的普遍性和严重性，它是一个重要的公共卫生问题。目前的首选治疗方法是克林霉素加奎宁。然而，在某些情况下，由于药物不耐受或复发，需要其他治疗方法。在仓鼠模型中研究了阿奇霉素治疗巴贝斯虫病的活性。所有动物均接受万古霉素以预防抗生素相关性结肠炎。比较了奎宁（250毫克/千克/天）、阿奇霉素（150毫克/千克/天）以及阿奇霉素与奎宁的联合用药。在所有治疗组中均发现寄生虫血症得到显著抑制（联合用药效果最佳，其次是阿奇霉素，然后是奎宁；P < 0.05）。联合用药组的平均生存期显著延长（P < 0.05）。高剂量（300毫克/千克/天）的阿奇霉素单药治疗也导致生存期显著延长（P < 0.05）。据报道具有抗疟活性的螺锗和环丙沙星，在这个实验性巴贝斯虫病模型中对寄生虫血症或生存期没有影响。
