Bennett L A, LaBonte M
Department of Anthropology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152.
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1993;11:87-94.
Over the past decade, research on alcohol and family systems has made notable advances, as reflected by major publications. Concepts elucidated in these writings encompass issues of (1) risk and vulnerability (resiliency, vulnerability, at-risk groups, mediating moderating risk factors, multifactorial determinants, and predisposing and precipitating factors); (2) family process (regulatory mechanisms, homeostasis, morphogenesis, systemic maturation, developmental distortion, family rituals, family identity, and deliberateness); (3) drinking context (sobriety-intoxication cycle, steady-episodic drinking, and alcohol expectancies); (4) alcohol controls (coercive controls, informal drinking controls, and formal controls); and (5) family response to alcoholism (codependence, denial, and definitional careers). In the following review of some of the major contributions to this research tradition, we pay particular attention to how alcohol researchers have refined many of these concepts in light of new empirical data.
在过去十年中，关于酒精与家庭系统的研究取得了显著进展，主要出版物对此有所体现。这些著作中阐明的概念包括以下几个方面：（1）风险与易感性（复原力、易感性、高危群体、中介和调节风险因素、多因素决定因素以及诱发和促发因素）；（2）家庭过程（调节机制、内稳态、形态发生、系统成熟、发育畸变、家庭仪式、家庭身份和审慎性）；（3）饮酒情境（清醒 - 醉酒循环、稳定 - 间歇性饮酒以及酒精预期）；（4）酒精控制（强制控制、非正式饮酒控制和正式控制）；以及（5）家庭对酗酒的反应（相互依赖、否认和定义性历程）。在以下对这一研究传统的一些主要贡献的综述中，我们特别关注酒精研究人员如何根据新的实证数据对其中许多概念进行了细化。
