Ghidini A, Lynch L
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Mount Sinani School of Medicine, New York, New York.
West J Med. 1993 Sep;159(3):366-73.
Viruses like rubella, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus and parasites like Toxoplasma gondii can be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus and can affect fetal development. Several factors determine the likelihood of fetal infection and the risk of consequences for the fetus, such as the timing of transmission during gestation or the immunologic status of the mother. No single diagnostic modality can be applied to all infections. Knowledge of the diagnostic methods available is essential for accurate counseling and treatment of affected pregnant women.
风疹、巨细胞病毒、水痘-带状疱疹病毒等病毒以及弓形虫等寄生虫可由孕妇传播给胎儿，并可能影响胎儿发育。有几个因素决定了胎儿感染的可能性以及对胎儿产生后果的风险，例如孕期传播的时间或母亲的免疫状态。没有一种单一的诊断方法可以应用于所有感染。了解可用的诊断方法对于准确咨询和治疗受影响的孕妇至关重要。
