Tabar A I, García B E, Rodríguez A, Olaguibel J M, Muro M D, Quirce S
Sección de Alergología, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Servicio Navarro de Salud, Pamplona, Spain.
Allergy. 1993 Aug;48(6):450-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1993.tb00743.x.
We evaluated the safety of immunotherapy in 419 patients who attended our allergy department for treatment. They were suffering from rhinitis and asthma caused by sensitization to grass pollen or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Immunotherapy was given by biologically standardized aluminum hydroxide adsorbed extracts according to a conventional schedule. Local reactions were recorded in 10.5% of the patients and systemic reactions in 4.8%. Only 0.37% of the doses administered were associated with systemic side-effects. We found that 84% of the patients who showed systemic reactions were asthmatic subjects (P < 0.01), and most of them were sensitized to D. pteronyssinus (71%). Side-effects occurred more frequently during the dose-increase period (P < 0.05). After 9482 doses had been administered, no anaphylactic shock or life-threatening reactions were registered. We believe the risk associated with immunotherapy to be drastically reduced when treatment is carefully monitored by skilled personnel. In such conditions, as shown by our study, immunotherapy is safe.
我们评估了419名到我院过敏科就诊患者接受免疫疗法的安全性。他们患有因对草花粉或粉尘螨过敏而引起的鼻炎和哮喘。免疫疗法采用生物标准化的氢氧化铝吸附提取物，按照常规方案进行。10.5%的患者出现局部反应，4.8%的患者出现全身反应。仅0.37%的给药剂量出现全身副作用。我们发现，出现全身反应的患者中84%为哮喘患者（P<0.01），其中大多数对粉尘螨过敏（71%）。副作用在剂量增加期更频繁出现（P<0.05）。在给药9482剂后，未记录到过敏性休克或危及生命的反应。我们认为，当由专业人员仔细监测治疗时，免疫疗法相关风险会大幅降低。如我们的研究所示，在这种情况下，免疫疗法是安全的。
