Gulley M L, Raab-Traub N
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7750.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1993 Nov;117(11):1115-20.
In the past few years, there has been an explosion of new data on the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with human disease. Many of these discoveries have come as a direct result of the application of DNA technology. The nucleic acid hybridization techniques most commonly used to detect EBV in human tissues include Southern blot analysis, in situ hybridization to viral DNA or RNA, and polymerase chain reaction. An advantage of Southern blotting is the ability to distinguish latent from infectious EBV and to determine the clonality of infected tumors with respect to the structure of the viral terminal repeat sequences. In situ hybridization has the advantage of precise localization of the virus in infected tissues or tumors. Polymerase chain reaction is exquisitely sensitive in detecting viral DNA, perhaps too sensitive for disease-specific purposes given the ubiquitous nature of EBV. Each of these molecular genetic methods of EBV analysis is currently used in research laboratories, while some methods have found their way into routine diagnostic pathology because they are faster, more sensitive, or more informative than previous assays.
在过去几年中，关于爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）与人类疾病关联的新数据呈爆发式增长。其中许多发现直接源于DNA技术的应用。在人体组织中最常用于检测EBV的核酸杂交技术包括Southern印迹分析、对病毒DNA或RNA的原位杂交以及聚合酶链反应。Southern印迹法的一个优点是能够区分潜伏性EBV和感染性EBV，并根据病毒末端重复序列的结构确定受感染肿瘤的克隆性。原位杂交的优点是能在受感染组织或肿瘤中精确确定病毒的位置。聚合酶链反应在检测病毒DNA方面极其灵敏，鉴于EBV的普遍存在，对于疾病特异性目的而言可能过于灵敏。目前，这些用于EBV分析的分子遗传学方法均在研究实验室中使用，而有些方法已进入常规诊断病理学领域，因为它们比以前的检测方法更快、更灵敏或信息量更大。
