Sollenberger R L, Milgram P
University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Hum Factors. 1993 Sep;35(3):483-99. doi: 10.1177/001872089303500306.
A series of three experiments investigated the effectiveness of stereoscopic and rotational display techniques for the purpose of establishing human factors guidelines for the design of three-dimensional (3D) displays. In the described experiments, depth perception was evaluated by examining accuracy in a 3D path-tracing task, with stimulus displays resembling the structure of cerebral angiograms. The first experiment allowed subjects to control rotation in dynamic displays. The results indicated that performance improved using either technique relative to viewing two-dimensional (2D) displays. However, rotational displays were superior to stereoscopic displays, and performance was best when both techniques were combined. The second experiment compared subject-controlled rotation with observation of continuously rotating displays at different rates of rotation. Performance declined at faster rotation rates; however, there were no advantages of subject-controlled rotation. In the third experiment, performance in rotational displays was no better than that in stereoscopic displays enhanced with multiple static viewing angles. However, performance was always best when both 3D techniques were jointly implemented. The results are discussed in terms of the visual information available using either 3D display technique and are related to the weighted additive model of depth perception.
为了制定三维（3D）显示器设计的人为因素指南，进行了一系列三项实验，研究立体显示和旋转显示技术的有效性。在所描述的实验中，通过检查三维路径追踪任务中的准确性来评估深度感知，刺激显示类似于脑血管造影的结构。第一个实验允许受试者控制动态显示中的旋转。结果表明，相对于观看二维（2D）显示器，使用这两种技术中的任何一种，性能都有所提高。然而，旋转显示优于立体显示，并且当两种技术结合使用时性能最佳。第二个实验将受试者控制的旋转与以不同旋转速率观察连续旋转的显示器进行了比较。在更快的旋转速率下性能下降；然而，受试者控制的旋转没有优势。在第三个实验中，旋转显示的性能并不比通过多个静态视角增强的立体显示更好。然而，当两种3D技术联合实施时，性能总是最佳的。根据使用任何一种3D显示技术可获得的视觉信息对结果进行了讨论，并与深度感知的加权加法模型相关。
