Berg I, Butler A, Franklin J, Hayes H, Lucas C, Sims R
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Leeds, U.K.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1993 Oct;34(7):1187-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01782.x.
Eighty 13-15-year-old children who failed to attend one of four schools for more than 40% of a term, without good reason, were studied. A systematic schedule (C.A.P.A.) was used in interviewing parents and children. Twenty-five had DSM-III-R Disruptive Behaviour Disorders and 15 had Anxiety/Mood Disorders. Truancy was associated with the former and school refusal with the latter but both often occurred without any Disorder. Fourteen children had neither school refusal nor truancy. Compared to controls, poor attenders came from materially disadvantaged homes. School refusal with anxiety disorders rarely received psychiatric treatment. Non-disturbed absentees were not usually dealt with appropriately.
对80名13至15岁的儿童进行了研究，这些儿童毫无正当理由一学期内有超过40%的时间未到四所学校中的任何一所上学。采用了一个系统的日程安排（C.A.P.A.）来访谈家长和孩子。25名儿童患有DSM-III-R破坏性行为障碍，15名患有焦虑/情绪障碍。逃学与前者相关，而拒绝上学与后者相关，但两者常常在没有任何障碍的情况下出现。14名儿童既没有拒绝上学也没有逃学。与对照组相比，上学出勤率低的儿童来自物质条件较差的家庭。伴有焦虑障碍的拒绝上学很少接受精神科治疗。没有心理障碍的缺课学生通常没有得到适当的处理。
