Hattori K, Okamoto W
Laboratory of Anatomy and Physical Fitness, Ibaraki University, Japan.
Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1993 Aug;70(2-3):69-77. doi: 10.2535/ofaj1936.70.2-3_69.
It is well known that caliper readings decline after the initial application of the caliper to the skinfold (dynamic compressibility). In addition to this compressibility, there is also a variability of skinfold compressibility at different body sites (static compressibility). To investigate this static variability, a comparison was made between skinfold thickness obtained from using caliper and thickness derived from an ultrasound image (B scan-mode) at sixteen skinfold sites of 96 non-athletic students in good health (45 men and 41 women). The skinfold compressibility is defined as: (uncompressed value-compressed value) x 100/uncompressed value. The patterns created by the plots of skinfold compressibility across the sixteen body sites were similar for both sexes although the inter-site variability is quite large (significant at 0.01 level on ANOVA). Women tend to have greater skinfold compression in the trunk area and less in the limbs as compared with men. This sex difference may be caused by the sex differences of skin thickness and skin tension (subcutaneous space pressure). The marked inter-site variability in skinfold compressibility suggests the need for caution in estimates of fat mass using skinfold calipers.
众所周知，在初次用卡尺测量皮褶厚度后，卡尺读数会下降（动态压缩性）。除了这种压缩性外，不同身体部位的皮褶压缩性也存在变异性（静态压缩性）。为了研究这种静态变异性，对96名健康非运动员学生（45名男性和41名女性）的16个皮褶部位，使用卡尺测量得到的皮褶厚度与超声图像（B超模式）得出的厚度进行了比较。皮褶压缩性定义为：（未压缩值 - 压缩值）×100/未压缩值。尽管不同部位之间的变异性相当大（方差分析在0.01水平显著），但男女两性在16个身体部位的皮褶压缩性绘图所呈现的模式相似。与男性相比，女性在躯干部位的皮褶压缩性往往更大，而在四肢部位则较小。这种性别差异可能是由皮肤厚度和皮肤张力（皮下间隙压力）的性别差异引起的。皮褶压缩性存在显著的部位间变异性，这表明在使用皮褶卡尺估计脂肪量时需要谨慎。
