牙科局部麻醉中的血管收缩剂。
Vasoconstrictors in local anesthesia for dentistry.
作者信息
Sisk A L
机构信息
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical College of Georgia School of Dentistry, Augusta 30912-1270.
出版信息
Anesth Prog. 1992;39(6):187-93.
Abstract
Addition of a vasoconstrictor to a local anesthetic may have several beneficial effects: a decrease in the peak plasma concentration of the local anesthetic agent, increase in the duration and the quality of anesthesia, reduction of the minimum concentration of anesthetic needed for nerve block, and decrease of blood loss during surgical procedures. The addition of a vasoconstrictor to a local anesthetic may also have detrimental effects. A review of the literature indicates that vasoconstrictor concentrations in local anesthetics marketed for dental use in the United States are not always optimal to achieve the purposes for which they are added. In most cases, a reduced concentration of vasoconstrictor could achieve the same goal as the marketed higher concentration, with less side-effect liability.
摘要
在局部麻醉剂中添加血管收缩剂可能有几个有益的效果
降低局部麻醉剂的血浆峰值浓度、延长麻醉持续时间并提高麻醉质量、降低神经阻滞所需的最低麻醉剂浓度以及减少手术过程中的失血量。在局部麻醉剂中添加血管收缩剂也可能有有害影响。文献综述表明，在美国销售的用于牙科的局部麻醉剂中的血管收缩剂浓度并不总是能达到添加它们的最佳效果。在大多数情况下，降低血管收缩剂的浓度可以达到与市售高浓度相同的目标，且副作用更小。
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Blood loss during operation for multiple extraction with alveoloplasty and other oral surgical procedures.在进行多次拔牙并伴有牙槽骨成形术及其他口腔外科手术时的失血情况。
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Circulatory, plasma catecholamine, cortisol, lipid, and psychological responses to a real-life stress (third molar extractions): effects of diazepam sedation and of inclusion of epinephrine with the local anesthetic.循环系统、血浆儿茶酚胺、皮质醇、脂质以及对现实生活应激（第三磨牙拔除）的心理反应：地西泮镇静和局部麻醉剂中加入肾上腺素的影响。
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A comparative study of vasoconstrictors and determination of their safe dose under halothane anesthesia.氟烷麻醉下血管收缩剂的比较研究及其安全剂量的确定。
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