Knothe H
J Infect Dis. 1976 Nov;134 SUPPL:S271-4. doi: 10.1093/infdis/135.supplement_2.s271.
The emergence of bacteria with R-factor-mediated resistance transferable to many strains of Pseudomononas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, and some Proteus and Providencia species has been reported in hospitals in the Rhine-Main region of Germany. In a comparative study, 1,250 strains belonging to 12 clinically important bacterial species were tested for susceptibility to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin by the tube dilution methods. Gentamicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin can still be employed effectively for the treatment of serious gram-negative infections. However, some findings related to Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa and demonstration of transfer by R-plasmids among P. aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter, and S. marcescens point to less favorable developments in the future. nearly all bacterial strains tests, including those resistant to other aminoglycosides, were susceptible in vitro to amikacin. This highly valuable antibiotic should be employed only when specifically indicated, since indiscriminate use would favor selective emergence of resistant bacteria in the future.
在德国莱茵 - 美因地区的医院中，已报告出现了带有R因子介导的耐药性的细菌，这种耐药性可转移至许多铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、粘质沙雷氏菌以及一些变形杆菌属和普罗威登斯菌属菌株。在一项比较研究中，采用试管稀释法对属于12种临床重要细菌种类的1250株菌株进行了庆大霉素、西索米星、妥布霉素和阿米卡星的敏感性测试。庆大霉素、西索米星和妥布霉素仍可有效地用于治疗严重的革兰氏阴性菌感染。然而，一些与肠杆菌科和铜绿假单胞菌相关的发现以及R质粒在铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、肠杆菌和粘质沙雷氏菌之间的转移证明，预示着未来情况将不太乐观。几乎所有测试的细菌菌株，包括那些对其他氨基糖苷类耐药的菌株，在体外对阿米卡星敏感。这种非常有价值的抗生素仅应在有明确指征时使用，因为随意使用会助长未来耐药细菌的选择性出现。
