Noack R H, Foppa I, Calmonte R
Institut für Sozialmedizin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz.
Soz Praventivmed. 1993;38(5):297-312. doi: 10.1007/BF01359592.
In Switzerland, and in many other countries as well, the distribution of morbidity and perceived health in the general population and their determining factors have not been systematically studied so far. This article reports on exploratory study of prevalence of two complex health indicators, long-standing disease (Disease) and psychological well-being (Well-being) and of their environmental, person-specific and behavioural determinants. Data from a health survey conducted in five cantons and three language regions as part of the Swiss Intercantonal Health Indicators Project were used. Whereas distributions of prevalence of Disease according to gender, age, level of education and place of living confirm results of other studies, unexpected prevalence patterns were found for Well-being, especially with regard to gender differences. Multivariate analyses by general linear models (independent sub-samples of the study population were used to develop and validate models) showed different sets of environmental, person-specific and behavioural factors to explain inter-individual differences of Disease and Well-being, both in the total validation sample and in sub-samples of women and men. The results are discussed with regard to implications for socioepidemiological health research.
在瑞士以及许多其他国家，目前尚未对普通人群中的发病率分布、感知健康状况及其决定因素进行系统研究。本文报告了一项探索性研究，该研究涉及两个复杂的健康指标，即慢性病（疾病）和心理健康（幸福感）及其环境、个体特异性和行为决定因素的患病率。使用了作为瑞士州际健康指标项目一部分在五个州和三个语言区域进行的健康调查数据。虽然根据性别、年龄、教育水平和居住地点划分的疾病患病率分布证实了其他研究的结果，但在幸福感方面发现了意外的患病率模式，尤其是在性别差异方面。通过一般线性模型进行的多变量分析（使用研究人群的独立子样本开发和验证模型）表明，在总验证样本以及女性和男性子样本中，不同的环境、个体特异性和行为因素集可解释疾病和幸福感的个体间差异。针对社会流行病学健康研究的意义对结果进行了讨论。
