Rieder Anita, Lobentanz Ingrid, Zeitlhofer Josef, Mitsche Nicole, Lawrence Kitty, Schwarz Bernhard, Kunze Michael
Institute of Social Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2004 Mar 31;116(5-6):176-81. doi: 10.1007/BF03040484.
To assess period and point prevalence of headache in Austria and the influence of sociodemographic factors and seasonal variations.
Data for the prevalence of headache were drawn from the database of seven representative surveys in the SERMO study (Self-Reported Morbidity Study). The aims of the SERMO study are to describe and monitor the characteristics of background morbidity in the Austrian population. The study is based on face-to-face interviews. Headache/migraine was one of 36 disorders the interviewed persons were asked about.
The representative samples of the Austrian general population were selected by the "quota-procedure". Thus each cross sectional sample is representative for the entire Austrian population.
The study population consisted of 7,162 Austrian people over 15 years of age.
About one fifth (20.1%) of the Austrian adult population reported having headaches during the year (prevalence 26.4% in women vs. 13.0% in men, p<0.001). Period prevalences varied from 19.6% in August to 23.1% in October 1995. Mean point prevalence in the general population was 5.7% (3.6% in men vs. 7.7% in women, p<0.001). The highest point prevalence (8.0%) was observed among people over 60. Whereas period prevalence showed no trend with age or education, we found increasing point prevalence with age and lower levels of education. In general, significantly more people with self-reported headache suffered from stress (39.1% vs. 33.7%, p<0.001) and chronic diseases (33.6% vs. 23.2%, p<0.001) and took drugs regularly (all kinds of medication: 44.3% vs. 26.8%, p<0.001).
Headache is one of the most commonly experienced symptoms in Austria. The most common concomitant disease in the study population as a whole was hypertension. People with headache had a higher prevalence of hypertension, rheumatic diseases, venous diseases, diabetes and a higher consumption of drugs. Therefore, headache, as one aspect of multimorbidity or a symptom of other diseases, could be an indicator of impaired well-being and poor health.
评估奥地利头痛的期间患病率和时点患病率，以及社会人口学因素和季节变化的影响。
头痛患病率数据取自SERMO研究（自我报告疾病研究）中七项代表性调查的数据库。SERMO研究的目的是描述和监测奥地利人群背景疾病的特征。该研究基于面对面访谈。头痛/偏头痛是询问受访者的36种疾病之一。
奥地利普通人群的代表性样本通过“配额程序”选取。因此，每个横断面样本都代表整个奥地利人群。
研究人群包括7162名15岁以上的奥地利人。
约五分之一（20.1%）的奥地利成年人口报告在一年中患有头痛（患病率女性为26.4%，男性为13.0%，p<0.001）。1995年8月的期间患病率为19.6%，10月为23.1%。普通人群的平均时点患病率为5.7%（男性为3.6%，女性为7.7%，p<0.001）。60岁以上人群的时点患病率最高（8.0%）。虽然期间患病率在年龄或教育程度方面没有趋势，但我们发现时点患病率随年龄增长和教育程度降低而增加。总体而言，自我报告有头痛的人群中，明显更多的人患有压力（39.1%对33.7%，p<0.001）、慢性病（33.6%对23.2%，p<0.001），并且经常服药（各类药物：44.3%对26.8%，p<0.001）。
头痛是奥地利最常见的症状之一。在整个研究人群中，最常见的伴随疾病是高血压。头痛患者患高血压、风湿性疾病、静脉疾病、糖尿病的患病率更高，且药物消费量更大。因此，头痛作为多病共存的一个方面或其他疾病的症状，可能是幸福感受损和健康状况不佳的一个指标。
