Hii J L, Kanai L, Foligela A, Kan S K, Burkot T R, Wirtz R A
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang.
Med Vet Entomol. 1993 Oct;7(4):333-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00701.x.
In villages of northern Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, where the predominant malaria vector is An.farauti No. 1 and An.puctulatus is also involved, malaria transmission rates were compared for three zones: (1) non-intervention: 438 people in seventeen villages; (2) residual DDT house-spraying two cycles per year: 644 people in thirty villages; (3) bednets impregnated with permethrin 0.5 g/m2 twice per year, used by 580 people in sixteen villages. Regular DDT spraying in zones 1 and 3 had been withdrawn 18 months previously. Malariological blood smear surveys of children aged 1-9 years in August 1986 to January 1987 showed a mean baseline malaria parasite rate of 38% (32/84). By February 1988, 18 months after introduction of impregnated bednets, the Plasmodium falciparum infection rate in children was lowest in the zone using impregnated bednets (21% of 29), intermediate in the untreated zone (29% of 34) and highest in the DDT zone (46% of 53), but these differences were not statistically significant. P. vivax infection rates were 9-14%. Using ELISA tests for malaria circumsporozoite antigen in the vectors, overall positivity rates were 0.7% of 49,902 An.farauti and 2.54% of 118 An.punctulatus, comprising 228 P.falciparum and 124 P.vivax infections. In the study zones, vector positivity rates were 0.93% of 31,615 An.farauti in the untreated zone; 0.32% of 16,883 An.farauti in the DDT zone; 0.07% of 1404 An.farauti and 2.54% of 118 An.puctulatus in the impregnated bednet zone. here was no significant correlation between malaria parasite rates in the vectors and the children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在所罗门群岛瓜达尔卡纳尔岛北部的村庄，主要疟疾传播媒介是诺氏按蚊1型，同时也涉及到斑点按蚊。对三个区域的疟疾传播率进行了比较：（1）非干预区：17个村庄的438人；（2）每年进行两个周期的滴滴涕室内残留喷洒：30个村庄的644人；（3）每年两次使用每平方米含0.5克氯菊酯浸泡的蚊帐，16个村庄的580人使用。1区和3区的定期滴滴涕喷洒在18个月前已停止。1986年8月至1987年1月对1至9岁儿童进行的疟疾病理学血涂片调查显示，平均基线疟原虫率为38%（84人中32人）。到1988年2月，即引入浸泡蚊帐18个月后，使用浸泡蚊帐区域的儿童中恶性疟原虫感染率最低（29人中21%），未处理区域居中（34人中29%），滴滴涕区域最高（53人中46%），但这些差异无统计学意义。间日疟原虫感染率为9%-14%。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测媒介中的疟原虫环子孢子抗原，总体阳性率在49902只诺氏按蚊中为0.7%，在118只斑点按蚊中为2.54%，包括228例恶性疟原虫感染和124例间日疟原虫感染。在研究区域，未处理区域31615只诺氏按蚊的媒介阳性率为0.93%；滴滴涕区域16883只诺氏按蚊的媒介阳性率为0.32%；浸泡蚊帐区域1404只诺氏按蚊的媒介阳性率为0.07%，118只斑点按蚊的媒介阳性率为2.54%。媒介中的疟原虫率与儿童中的疟原虫率之间无显著相关性。（摘要截短于250字）
