Hii J L, Vun Y S, Chin K F, Chua R, Tambakau S, Binisol E S, Fernandez E, Singh N, Chan M K
Department of Medical Services, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Med Vet Entomol. 1987 Oct;1(4):397-407. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1987.tb00370.x.
A small-scale trial was carried out in the Upper Kinabatangan district of Sabah, Malaysia, to determine the effect of using permethrin-impregnated bednets on malaria transmission. A total of 306 nylon bednets with cotton borders, impregnated at a dose estimated to have been 0.062 g permethrin/m2 of nylon netting, were distributed to 139 households in five villages. At the time of distributing bednets, mass drug administration with Fansidar plus primaquine was also administered to the human population to clear all parasitaemias due to Plasmodium falciparum Welch. In another village, for comparison, mass drug administration was the only intervention. After intervention measures in December 1984 and January 1985, the parasite rates in children declined in all villages during the first month, significantly more in the villages with impregnated bednets than in the control, thus proving that the nets had an impact on malaria. However, after about 2 months, parasite rates started to increase again. After 4-6 months, parasite rates in the villages with bednets approached the rate in the control village without nets. The increase in parasite rates was paralleled by a significant deterioration in the quality, physical condition and the degree of non-utilization of bednets. Entomological evaluation proved the efficacy of permethrin-impregnated nets for controlling Anopheles balabacensis Baisas and other anophelines. Bioassays (1 h exposure) of permethrin-impregnated bednets gave 100% mortality initially and 44-61% mortality after 85-106 days. Mosquito collections in treated bednets were significantly reduced for at least 217 days. The project failed to achieve prolonged suppression of malaria transmission for a combination of entomological, sociological and practical reasons which are discussed in relation to the objectives and implementation of future bednet studies.
在马来西亚沙巴州的上基纳巴唐岸地区进行了一项小规模试验，以确定使用氯菊酯浸渍蚊帐对疟疾传播的影响。总共306个带有棉质边缘的尼龙蚊帐，以估计为0.062克氯菊酯/平方米尼龙网的剂量进行浸渍，分发给五个村庄的139户家庭。在分发蚊帐时，还对人群进行了 Fansidar 加伯氨喹的群体药物治疗，以清除所有因恶性疟原虫韦尔奇引起的寄生虫血症。在另一个村庄，作为对照，仅进行群体药物治疗。1984年12月和1985年1月采取干预措施后，所有村庄儿童的寄生虫感染率在第一个月均有所下降，使用浸渍蚊帐的村庄下降幅度明显大于对照村庄，从而证明蚊帐对疟疾有影响。然而，大约2个月后，寄生虫感染率又开始上升。4至6个月后，使用蚊帐村庄的寄生虫感染率接近未使用蚊帐的对照村庄。寄生虫感染率的上升与蚊帐质量、物理状况和未使用程度的显著恶化同时出现。昆虫学评估证明氯菊酯浸渍蚊帐对控制巴拉巴按蚊拜萨斯和其他按蚊有效。氯菊酯浸渍蚊帐的生物测定（暴露1小时）最初死亡率为100%，85至106天后死亡率为44%至61%。在至少217天内，处理过的蚊帐中的蚊子捕获量显著减少。由于昆虫学、社会学和实际原因的综合作用，该项目未能实现对疟疾传播的长期抑制，这些原因将结合未来蚊帐研究的目标和实施情况进行讨论。
